Military medicine
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The Critical Care Air Transport Team (CCATT) Advanced course utilizes fully immersive high-fidelity simulations to train CCATT personnel and assess their readiness for deployment. This study aims to (1) determine whether these simulations correctly discriminate between students with previous deployment experience ("experienced") and no deployment experience ("novices") and (2) examine the effects of students' clinical practice environment on their performance during training simulations. ⋯ Our primary result was that the CCATT Advanced simulations that are used to evaluate whether the students are mission ready successfully differentiated "novice" from "experienced" students; this is consistent with valid simulation constructs. Finally, novice CCATT students do not sustain their readiness skills during the period between mandated refresher training.
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Hypovolemic shock is the leading cause of preventable death on the battlefield. Remote damage control resuscitation has evolved dramatically in the past decade by introducing novel treatments and approaches to bleeding in the prehospital setting. ⋯ Prompt identification of the mechanism of injury, clinical and tactical decision-making, and immediate advanced medical care through several prehospital medical evacuation platforms culminated in this casualty's survival. This case emphasizes the importance of medical advancements in prehospital field care and guideline-directed treatment to improve casualty survival.
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Decay of military surgeons' critical wartime skills is a persistent and growing concern among leaders in the military health system (MHS). The Knowledge, Skills and Abilities (KSA) Clinical Readiness Program was developed to quantify the readiness of clinicians in the MHS; however, the utility of the data is questionable due to a lack of focus on the operative expeditionary skillset in the original methodology. A revised methodology emphasizing the most relevant to expeditionary orthopedic surgery procedures is described. ⋯ The revised methodology is better aligned with the most common procedures in the most recent large-scale military engagements. The improved applicability of the KSA scoring to necessary CWS will allow military medical leaders to better determine the readiness opportunities available in the MHS.
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The Army uses permethrin-treated uniforms as the primary method to protect soldiers from tick-borne diseases. Permethrin binds strongly to fabric and provides long-term protection against many blood-feeding arthropods. However, protection decreases if the uniforms are not washed and cared for according to label instructions. This study was conducted among cadets at the United States Military Academy (USMA) at West Point, NY, to determine what the cadets know about permethrin and how they care for and wear their uniforms. West Point is in an area with high rates of tick-borne disease transmission. A survey was developed to determine what cadets know about the threat of tick-borne diseases and if they wear and maintain their uniforms in a manner that effectively maintains permethrin levels. ⋯ This study provides a basic understanding of the wear patterns of permethrin-treated uniforms among cadets at the USMA. It is also one of the few studies to measure knowledge and uniform-wearing behavior among service members since the Army switched to factory-treated uniforms in 2013. The results indicate that compliance with uniform laundry and care instructions is low. This information is useful to develop training plans and educate cadets how they can wear and take care of their permethrin-treated uniforms to better protect themselves from tick-borne diseases.
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Veterans in general-and especially those who identify as Veterans of color-are underrepresented in health-related treatment research. This contributes to health inequity by hindering the development of evidence-based treatment recommendations for people of color. This project utilized culturally centered research procedures to identify health-related research priorities and examine motives for and barriers to research participation in a diverse sample of Veterans. ⋯ Experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination are associated with different research-related outcomes across racial/ethnic groups. Efforts to engage diverse populations should prioritize access to (not willingness to participate in) health-related research.