Headache
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In the absence of biological markers, the diagnosis of cluster headache (CH) rests on clinical evidence as reported through ad-hoc interviews. ⋯ Our findings confirm that this questionnaire is a useful method for CH screening in epidemiological studies.
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To determine if the prevalence of migraine-like headache in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with plaques in the brainstem or in other locations. ⋯ The results of this study indicate that the presence of a midbrain plaque in patients with MS is associated with an increased likelihood of headache with migraine characteristics. (Headache 2005;45:670-677).
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Tension-type headache (TTH) is a prototypical headache in which myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) can play an important role. To our knowledge, MTrPs in the muscle tissues of the trochlear region, ie, the superior oblique muscle (SOM), have not been previously mentioned, and a referred pain pattern from this region has never been reported. ⋯ MTrPs in the SOM may evoke a typical referred pain pattern in patients with TTH. The presence of a myofascial disorder in the trochlear region might contribute to the pathogenesis of TTH.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Relaxation treatment of adolescent headache sufferers: results from a school-based replication series.
In recent reviews of psychological and drug treatment, relaxation training approaches have been found to be efficacious for children and adolescents suffering from recurrent tension-type headache (TTH), while biofeedback procedures provide effective help for migraine headache sufferers, primarily treated in tertiary clinics. ⋯ Therapist-assisted relaxation training is an effective treatment for adolescents suffering from frequent TTHs or migraine. However, such treatment administered by school-nurses administered within school health care settings is an efficient treatment approach for adolescents suffering from the most common form of primary headache, ie, TTHs.
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To assess the evolution of idiopathic headache with early onset and to investigate the influence of early somatic disorders, "life events," and psychiatric disorders on the onset and the course of headache. We also studied the possible prognostic role of gender, headache diagnosis at onset, and history of headache in family members on the course of headache. We also investigated the applicability of the ICHD-II criteria to idiopathic headache in preschool children. ⋯ Our results suggest that the ICHD-II criteria are too restrictive to allow the classification of migraine without aura and TTH in preschool children. Nevertheless, a diagnosis based on these criteria was possible in all the patients with headache persistence at the end of several years' follow-up. We found a significant association between early somatic disorders and persistence of headache and also between the presence of psychiatric disorders at the end of follow-up and the persistence of headache. "Life events," on the other hand, while not showing a statistically significant association with the evolution of the headache, may nevertheless influence the course of the headache in some patients. Our results suggest that environmental and psychological factors play an important role in idiopathic headache with onset in preschool age, and thus that the diagnostic-therapeutic approach must take these factors into account.