Headache
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Botulinum toxin type A as a migraine preventive treatment. For the BOTOX Migraine Clinical Research Group.
To assess the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX; Allergan, Inc) in the prevention of migraine. ⋯ Pericranial injection of botulinum toxin type A, 25 U, was found to be a safe treatment that significantly reduced migraine frequency, migraine severity, acute medication usage, and associated vomiting.
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To assess the prevalence of migraine and other headaches in Hong Kong in 1998. ⋯ All types of headache were more common in the 1998 study, and the prevalence rates were closer to those of Western communities.
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The Tolosa-Hunt syndrome consists of a painful ophthalmoplegia related to a granulomatous inflammatory process in the cavernous sinus, which may be documented by cerebral magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium enhancement. Two cases of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome preceded by facial palsy observed in 1998 at the Department of Neurosurgery of the Second University of Naples are presented here. Both patients developed Tolosa-Hunt syndrome following an ipsilateral facial palsy that resolved in about 15 days with medical treatment. ⋯ In the first case, the patient experienced recurrence of the syndrome that was definitively resolved with further corticosteroid treatment. The rare reports of facial palsy in patients with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome suggest the inclusion of this disease in the so-called multiple cranial nerve palsy syndrome. It is probable that Tolosa-Hunt syndrome has an inflammatory pathogenesis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Treatment of tension-type headache with botulinum toxin type A: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
To determine whether injections of botulinum toxin could be of therapeutic value in the treatment of tension-type headache. ⋯ The findings of our study strongly support the hypothesis that peripheral mechanisms, such as increased muscle tenderness, only play a minor role in the pathogenesis of tension-type headache.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Use of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) in the short-term management of headache.
To evaluate the short-term effects of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) in the management of three types of chronic headache. ⋯ Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation appears to be a useful complementary therapy to analgesic and antimigraine drugs for the short-term management of headache. Interestingly, the analgesic response to PENS therapy appears to be independent of the origin of the headache symptoms.