Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
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J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry · Mar 2015
Spider-fearful individuals hesitantly approach threat, whereas depressed individuals do not persistently approach reward.
Much research documents that anxiety is related to the avoidance of threatening information. Research is also beginning to suggest that depression is related to a lack of approach toward positive information. However, many questions remain regarding the specificity and robustness of these effects. The goal of the present study was to examine specific motivational patterns differentiating between anxiety and depression. ⋯ These findings inform theoretical understanding of the specific motivational tendencies of anxiety and depression, and introduce a modification of the AAT that, if incorporated in clinical settings, would increase the specificity and success of cognitive bias modifications.
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J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry · Mar 2015
Double attention bias for positive and negative emotional faces in clinical depression: evidence from an eye-tracking study.
According to cognitive models, attentional biases in depression play key roles in the onset and subsequent maintenance of the disorder. The present study examines the processing of emotional facial expressions (happy, angry, and sad) in depressed and non-depressed adults. ⋯ These results support the notion that attentional biases in depression are specific to depression-related information and that they operate in later stages in the deployment of attention.
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J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry · Mar 2015
Borderline personality features as a potential moderator of the effect of anger and depressive rumination on shame, self-blame, and self-forgiveness.
Recent studies have suggested that types of rumination differ on how they impact psychopathology. Few research studies, however, have compared the two types of rumination. The primary aim of this research was to examine the effects of anger rumination and depressive rumination on factors related to self-conscious experiences (shame, self-blame, self-forgiveness) and negative affect among individuals with varying levels of borderline personality disorder (BPD) features. ⋯ Despite the limitations, the current study is one of few investigations comparing the differential effects of induced anger rumination and depressive rumination on affect and self-conscious experiences. This study also addresses an important gap in literature on the mechanisms by which rumination influences negative affect.