Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
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This self-directed learning module highlights advances in therapeutic options in pain management. It is part of the chapter on pain rehabilitation for the Self-Directed Medical Knowledge Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. This section discusses pharmacologic agents, modalities, behavioral strategies, and invasive techniques in pain management, with case studies illustrating pain management approaches in clinical practice. Advances that are covered include use of opioid receptors, receptor-specific categories of drugs used in painful conditions, components of behavioral programming for chronic pain, and the limitations of invasive techniques in chronic pain patients.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · May 1994
Upper extremity peripheral nerve entrapments among wheelchair athletes: prevalence, location, and risk factors.
Wheelchair athletes commonly experience hand pain and numbness. This investigation studied the prevalence, location, and risk factors of upper extremity peripheral nerve entrapment among wheelchair athletes. Clinical and electrodiagnostic assessments were performed on both upper extremities of 28 wheelchair athletes and 30 able-bodied controls. ⋯ The most common electrodiagnostic dysfunction was of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel (46%), and the portion of the nerve within the proximal carpal tunnel was most frequently affected. Ulnar neuropathy was the second most common entrapment electrodiagnostically (39%) and occurred at the wrist and forearm segments. Disability duration correlated significantly with electrophysiologic median nerve dysfunction.