Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Feb 2003
Multicenter StudyIncidence, risk factors, and outcomes of fecal incontinence after acute brain injury: findings from the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems national database.
To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcome in patients with fecal incontinence after acute brain injury. ⋯ Fecal incontinence is a significant problem after brain injury. Certain factors may increase its likelihood. Further studies evaluating mechanisms of fecal incontinence and treatment or control interventions would be useful.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Feb 2003
Multicenter StudyThe association of early computed tomography scan findings and ambulation, self-care, and supervision needs at rehabilitation discharge and at 1 year after traumatic brain injury.
To ascertain the association between early computed tomography (CT) scan findings and the need for assistance with ambulation, activities of daily living (ADLs), and supervision at rehabilitation discharge and at 1 year after traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ The presence of either a midline shift greater than 5mm or a subcortical contusion on acute CT scans is associated with a greater need of assistance with ambulation, ADLs, and global supervision at rehabilitation discharge. Patients with bilateral cortical contusions require more global supervision at rehabilitation discharge but no more supervision for ambulation and ADLs. These findings may aid health care professionals and potential caregivers in planning for rehabilitation and supervision needs after rehabilitation discharge and, to a lesser extent, at 1 year after TBI.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Feb 2003
Multicenter StudyEtiology of traumatic brain injury: characterization of differential outcomes up to 1 year postinjury.
To characterize outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) resulting from vehicular crashes, violence, falls, or other causes. ⋯ This study elucidated important differences between persons with violence-related TBI and those with non-violence-related TBI. Further research is needed to find effective interventions to address these differences.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Feb 2003
Characterization and correlates of medical and rehabilitation charges for traumatic brain injury during acute rehabilitation hospitalization.
To identify factors associated with specific categories of charges during acute inpatient rehabilitation treatment after traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Certain categories of charges correlated with functional scores and acute medical variables that are known before admission to acute inpatient rehabilitation, allowing for better inpatient admission planning under prospective payment. Further research is needed to identify and correlate resource use that is bundled within the room and board category.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Feb 2003
Concordance of patient and family report of neurobehavioral symptoms at 1 year after traumatic brain injury.
To determine concordance between patient and family report of neurobehavioral symptoms and problems across 6 domains of function and 3 levels of injury severity at 1 year after traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ At 1 year post-TBI, concordance between self- and other report of neurobehavioral symptoms was moderately high overall, but varied by symptom domain. For persons with moderate and severe TBI, reports from significant others may be needed for a full picture of the range, severity, and clinical importance of the patient's emotional, behavioral, and cognitive difficulties.