Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Nov 2017
Review Meta AnalysisDiffusion-Tensor Imaging Findings and Cognitive Function Following Hospitalized Mixed-Mechanism Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
To undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between microstructural damage and cognitive function after hospitalized mixed-mechanism (HMM) mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). ⋯ The findings from the meta-analysis provide clear support for an association between in vivo markers of underlying neuropathology and cognitive function after mTBI. Furthermore, these results demonstrate clearly for the first time that in vivo markers of structural neuropathology are associated with cognitive dysfunction within the domains of attention, memory, and executive function. These findings provide an avenue for future research to examine the causal relationship between mTBI-related neuropathology and cognitive dysfunction. Furthermore, they have important implications for clinical management of patients with mTBI because they provide a more comprehensive understanding of factors that are associated with cognitive dysfunction after mTBI.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Nov 2017
Multicenter StudyCharacteristics of Firearm Brain Injury Survivors in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) National Database: A Comparison of Assault and Self-Inflicted Injury Survivors.
To characterize and compare subgroups of survivors with assault-related versus self-inflicted traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) via firearms at the time of inpatient rehabilitation and at 1-, 2-, and 5-year follow-up. ⋯ These findings have implications for prevention (eg, mental health programming and access to firearms in targeted areas) and for rehabilitation planning (eg, by incorporating training with coping strategies and implementation of addictions-related services) for firearm-related TBI, based on subtype of injury.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Nov 2017
ReviewRobot-Assisted Training for People With Spinal Cord Injury: A Meta-Analysis.
To investigate the effects of robot-assisted training on the recovery of people with spinal cord injury (SCI). ⋯ Robot-assisted training is an adjunct therapy for physical and functional recovery for patients with SCI. Future high-quality studies are warranted to investigate the effects of robot-assisted training on functional and cardiopulmonary recovery of patients with SCI.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Nov 2017
Associations Between Traumatic Brain Injury History and Future Headache Severity in Veterans: A Longitudinal Study.
To determine whether traumatic brain injury (TBI) history is associated with worse headache severity outcomes. ⋯ Headache outcomes are poor in veterans who receive VA TBI evaluations, irrespective of past TBI exposure, but significantly worse in those with a history of moderate/severe TBI. No association was found between mild TBI and future headache severity in veterans. Veterans with headache presenting for TBI evaluations, and particularly those with moderate/severe TBI, may benefit from further evaluation and treatment of headache.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Nov 2017
Observational StudySix-Minute Walk Test as a Measure of Walking Capacity in Ambulatory Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
To determine the validity of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) as an outcome measure to evaluate walking capacity in ambulatory patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ⋯ The 6MWT is a valid measure of walking capacity of ambulatory patients with ALS that is associated with measures of lower extremity muscle strength and function in both stages of ambulation. The discordance between the 6MWT with the ALSFRS-R and percent predicted FVC in stage II ambulatory patients with ALS indicates that the 6MWT is an independent measure of ambulatory function in both stages of ambulation. The 6MWT may provide a quantitative, simple, and inexpensive outcome measure of walking capacity for early stage clinical trials in ambulatory patients with ALS.