Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Aug 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of Peer Mentoring on Self-Efficacy and Hospital Readmission After Inpatient Rehabilitation of Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
To investigate the effect of intensive peer mentoring on patient-reported outcomes of self-efficacy and unplanned hospital readmissions for persons with spinal cord injury/disease (SCI/D) within the first 6 months after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. ⋯ This study provides evidence that individuals receiving intensive peer mentoring during and after rehabilitation for SCI/D demonstrate greater gains in self-efficacy over time and have fewer days of unplanned rehospitalization in the first 180 days postdischarge. More research is needed to examine the long-term effects of this intervention on health care utilization and the relation between improved health and patient-reported quality of life outcomes.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Aug 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyLong-Term Effects of Repeated Injections of Local Anesthetic With or Without Corticosteroid for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Randomized Trial.
To determine the overall long-term effectiveness of treatment with epidural corticosteroid injections for lumbar central spinal stenosis and the effect of repeat injections, including crossover injections, on outcomes through 12 months. ⋯ For lumbar spinal stenosis symptoms, epidural injections of corticosteroid plus lidocaine offered no benefits from 6 weeks to 12 months beyond that of injections of lidocaine alone in terms of self-reported pain and function or reduction in use of opioids and spine surgery. In patients with improved pain and function 6 weeks after initial injection, these outcomes were maintained at 12 months. However, the trajectories of pain and function outcomes after 3 weeks did not differ by injectate type. Repeated injections of either type offered no additional long-term benefit if injections in the first 6 weeks did not improve pain.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Aug 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialShort-Term Effects of Thoracic Spine Manipulation on Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
To investigate the short-term effects of thoracic spine manipulation (TSM) on pain, function, scapular kinematics, and scapular muscle activity in individuals with shoulder impingement syndrome. ⋯ TSM may increase scapular upward rotation during arm lowering. TSM does not seem to influence activity of the scapular muscles. The results concerning shoulder pain, function, scapular tilt, and internal rotation are not conclusive.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Aug 2017
Comorbidities that cause pain and the contributors to pain in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
To determine comorbidities that cause pain and the potential contributors to pain in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ⋯ Pain was highly prevalent in pulmonary rehabilitation program participants with COPD. The most common causes of pain were musculoskeletal conditions. Pain severity and higher levels of fatigue contributed to how pain interfered with daily aspects of living. The assessment and management of pain need to be addressed within the overall care of individuals with COPD.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Aug 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialElectrically Assisted Movement Therapy in Chronic Stroke Patients With Severe Upper Limb Paresis: A Pilot, Single-Blind, Randomized Crossover Study.
To evaluate the effects of electrically assisted movement therapy (EAMT) in which patients use functional electrical stimulation, modulated by a custom device controlled through the patient's unaffected hand, to produce or assist task-specific upper limb movements, which enables them to engage in intensive goal-oriented training. ⋯ EAMT produces a clinically important impairment reduction in stroke patients with chronic, severe upper limb paresis.