Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2015
Review Meta AnalysisPresymptomatic and longitudinal neuroimaging in neurodegeneration-from snapshots to motion picture: a systematic review.
Recent quantitative neuroimaging studies have been successful in capturing phenotype and genotype-specific changes in dementia syndromes, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. However, the majority of imaging studies are cross-sectional, despite the obvious superiority of longitudinal study designs in characterising disease trajectories, response to therapy, progression rates and evaluating the presymptomatic phase of neurodegenerative conditions. ⋯ Although longitudinal imaging studies have the potential to provide crucial insights into the presymptomatic phase and natural trajectory of neurodegenerative processes a standardised design is required to enable meaningful data interpretation.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2015
Review Meta AnalysisPresymptomatic and longitudinal neuroimaging in neurodegeneration-from snapshots to motion picture: a systematic review.
Recent quantitative neuroimaging studies have been successful in capturing phenotype and genotype-specific changes in dementia syndromes, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. However, the majority of imaging studies are cross-sectional, despite the obvious superiority of longitudinal study designs in characterising disease trajectories, response to therapy, progression rates and evaluating the presymptomatic phase of neurodegenerative conditions. ⋯ Although longitudinal imaging studies have the potential to provide crucial insights into the presymptomatic phase and natural trajectory of neurodegenerative processes a standardised design is required to enable meaningful data interpretation.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2015
ReviewWhat causes intracerebral bleeding after thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke? Recent insights into mechanisms and potential biomarkers.
The overall population benefit of intravascular recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) on functional outcome in ischaemic stroke is clear, but there are some treated patients who are harmed by early symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (ICH). Although several clinical and radiological factors increase the risk of rtPA-related ICH, none of the currently available risk prediction tools are yet useful for practical clinical decision-making, probably reflecting our limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Finding new methods to identify patients at highest risk of rtPA-related ICH, or new measures to limit risk, are urgent challenges in acute stroke therapy research. In this article, we focus on the potential underlying mechanisms of rtPA-related ICH, highlight promising candidate risk biomarkers and suggest future research directions.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2015
ReviewUltrasound in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy: structure meets function in the neuromuscular clinic.
Peripheral nerve ultrasound (US) has emerged as a promising technique for the diagnosis of peripheral nerve disorders. While most experience with US has been reported in the context of nerve entrapment syndromes, the role of US in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy (PN) has recently been explored. ⋯ This review describes the characteristic US findings in PN reported to date and a classification of abnormal nerve US patterns in PN is proposed. Closer scrutiny of nerve abnormalities beyond assessment of nerve calibre may allow for more accurate diagnostic classification of PN, as well as contribute to the understanding of the intersection of structure and function in PN.