Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2024
Long-term disability trajectories in multiple sclerosis: a group-based trajectory analysis of the AusLong cohort.
Previous natural history studies highlighted a consistent heterogeneity of disability trajectories among individuals with primary or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). However, evidence on disability progression in relapsing onset MS is scarce.The aim of this study was to investigate heterogeneity in disability accumulation over 10 years following a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination (FCD) and identify genetic, demographic, environmental and clinical factors associated with these trajectories. ⋯ Those at higher risk of faster MS disability progression can be identified based on their early clinical characteristics with potential therapeutic implications for early intervention and treatment escalation.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2024
Predictors of relapse risk and treatment response in AQP4-IgG positive and seronegative NMOSD: A multicentre study.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) can be categorised into aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-IgG) NMOSD or seronegative NMOSD. While our knowledge of AQP4-IgG NMOSD has evolved significantly in the past decade, seronegative NMOSD remains less understood. This study aimed to evaluate the predictors of relapses and treatment responses in AQP4-IgG NMOSD and seronegative NMOSD. ⋯ Although further studies are needed to improve our understanding of seronegative NMOSD, our findings underscore the importance of aggressive treatment with high-efficacy immunotherapies in both NMOSD subtypes, regardless of serostatus.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2024
Total bilirubin modified the association between diabetes and stroke: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2011-2016.
Total bilirubin (TBIL) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to determine whether elevated TBIL could modify the association between diabetes and stroke. ⋯ Elevated TBIL modified the association between diabetes and stroke through inhibiting mediating effects of inflammatory factors.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2024
Sports-related concussion not associated with long-term cognitive or behavioural deficits: the PROTECT-TBI study.
The cognitive effects of sports-related concussion (SRC) have been the subject of vigorous debate but there has been little research into long-term outcomes in non-athlete populations. ⋯ Compared with those reporting no previous concussions, those with SRC had no cognitive or behavioural deficits and seemed to perform better in some tasks. As indicated by previous studies, sports participation may confer long-term cognitive benefits.