Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2023
Structural and functional correlates of the response to deep brain stimulation at ventral capsule/ventral striatum region for treatment-resistant depression.
Though deep brain stimulation (DBS) shows increasing potential in treatment-resistant depression (TRD), the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated functional and structural connectivities related to and predictive of clinical effectiveness of DBS at ventral capsule/ventral striatum region for TRD. ⋯ Connectivity profiles and fibre tracts following frontothalamic streamlines appear to predict outcome of DBS for TRD. The findings shed light on the neural pathways in depression and may be used to guide both presurgical planning and postsurgical programming after further validation.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2023
Contemporary study of multiple sclerosis disability in South East Wales.
A contemporary understanding of disability evolution in multiple sclerosis (MS) is an essential tool for individual disease management and planning of interventional studies. We have used prospectively collected longitudinal data to analyse disability progression and variation in a British MS cohort. ⋯ These data provide a detailed contemporary model of disability outcomes in a representative population-based MS cohort. They support a trend of increasing time to disability milestones compared with historical reference populations, and document disability variation with the use of transitional matrices. In addition, they provide essential information for patient counselling, clinical trial design, service planning and offer a comparative baseline for assessment of therapeutic interventions.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2023
Distinct disease mechanisms may underlie cognitive decline related to hearing loss in different age groups.
Hearing loss in older adults is associated with increased dementia risk. Underlying mechanisms that connect hearing loss with dementia remain largely unclear. ⋯ Hearing loss was associated with amyloid binding in younger-old individuals only, and with cognitive decline in both age groups. These results suggest that mechanisms linking hearing loss with risk for dementia depends on age.