Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2004
ReviewSize of the treatment effect on cognition of cholinesterase inhibition in Alzheimer's disease.
Six cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) have been tested in people with Alzheimer's disease, using methods currently required for regulatory approval. The clinical importance of their treatment effects is controversial. ⋯ ChEIs produce small-moderate effect sizes in clinical trials which are reproducible and demonstrate a dose response. Better descriptions of the patterns of treatment response are needed to guide individual patient decisions about the effectiveness of treatment, but group effects are evident and appear large enough to be clinically detectable.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialUse of short term video EEG in the diagnosis of attack disorders.
Distinguishing epileptic from psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) often requires video electroencephalography (EEG) recording. Inpatient recording is a limited resource; some evidence suggests that short term video EEG (SVEEG) is useful, but its role in practice has yet to be evaluated. ⋯ SVEEG is a robust and useful diagnostic technique, which complements existing resources.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2004
Case ReportsX-linked adrenoleukodystrophy presenting as autosomal dominant pure hereditary spastic paraparesis.
We present a family in which an initial clinical diagnosis of autosomal dominant pure hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP) was made on the basis of a three generation pedigree in which both males and females presented with a spastic paraparesis. Subsequent biochemical and genetic analysis revealed that the family was in fact affected by the adrenomyeloneuropathy subtype of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. In the family described, both males and females were affected by a spastic paraparesis, and there was no male to male transmission, consistent with both autosomal dominant and X-linked inheritance. This report illustrates the importance of assaying very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in any HSP family where there is no male to male transmission.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2004
Imidazoline I(2) receptor density increases with the malignancy of human gliomas.
Current glioma grading schemes are limited by subjective histological criteria. Imidazoline I(2) receptors are principally expressed on glial cells. ⋯ These results suggest that the density of imidazoline I(2) receptors may be a useful radioligand parameter for the differentiation of glial tumours from other types of brain tumours and for grading the different gliomas.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2004
Arterial oxygen saturation, COPD, and cerebral small vessel disease.
To study whether lower arterial oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with cerebral white matter lesions and lacunar infarcts. ⋯ Lower SaO(2) and COPD are associated with more severe periventricular white matter lesions.