European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Nov 2022
Association between LAG3/CD4 gene variants and risk of Parkinson's disease.
Several recent studies suggest a possible role of lymphocyte activation 3 (LAG3) protein. LAG3 can behave as an α-synuclein ligand, and serum and cerebrospinal fluid-soluble LAG3 levels have been proposed as a marker of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there is an association between 3 common single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) in the LAG3 gene and its closely related CD4 molecule gene and the risk of PD in a Caucasian Spanish population. Two of them have been previously associated with the risk of PD in Chinese females. ⋯ These data suggest a possible role of CD4 rs1922452 and CD4 rs951818 polymorphisms in the risk of PD.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Nov 2022
Review Meta AnalysisVolanesorsen to treat severe hypertriglyceridaemia: A pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Patients with severe hypertriglyceridaemia (sHTG) are often refractory to lipid-lowering therapy. Apolipoprotein (Apo) CIII inhibition could be promising to treat subjects with sHTG. The antisense oligonucleotide against APOC3 mRNA volanesorsen was recently introduced to treat sHTG. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs on the efficacy and safety of volanesorsen as compared to placebo treatment in patients with severe HTG. ⋯ In patients with severe HTG, volanesorsen is associated with a significant reduction in TG, VLDL-C, Apo-B48 and non-HDL-C and increment of HDL-C as compared to placebo. Documented efficacy is accompanied by an acceptable safety profile.
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Social media and new tools for engagement offer democratic platforms for enhancing constructive scientific criticism which had previously been limited. Constructive criticism can now be massive, timely and open. However, new options have also enhanced obsessive criticism. ⋯ These behaviours may last months or years. Prevention and treatment options may include awareness, identifying and working around aggravating factors, placing limits on the volume by editors, constructive pairing of commissioned editorials, incorporation of some hot debates from unregulated locations such as social media or PubPeer to the pages of scientific journals, preserving decency and focusing on evidence and arguments and avoiding personal statements, or (in some cases) ignoring. We need more research on the role of social media and obsessive criticism on an evolving cancel culture, the social media credibility, the use/misuse of anonymity and pseudonymity, and whether potential interventions from universities may improve or further weaponize scientific criticism.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Nov 2022
Meta AnalysisIn-hospital incidence of and risk factors for influenza associated respiratory failure.
Respiratory failure (RF) is the most important complication of influenza virus infection. Its definition and incidence are heterogeneous in the literature. ⋯ Respiratory failure is frequent in hospitalized influenza patients, especially in patients with pneumonia and since the 2009 pandemic, although its definition and reporting widely vary in the literature. This complicates its characterization and comparison between cohorts and with other respiratory viruses.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Nov 2022
Review Meta AnalysisAssociation of Modifiable Risk Factors with Ischemic Stroke Subtypes in Asian versus Caucasian populations: A Systematic Review and meta-analysis.
Ischaemic stroke (IS) is associated with various modifiable risk factors but the association of these risk factors based on TOAST classification, which characterises IS into five subtypes: large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), small vessel occlusion (SVO), cardioembolic disease (CE), other determined aetiology (ODE) and undetermined aetiology (UDE), is unknown. We aimed to summarise the published evidence for the association of modifiable risk factors with IS subtypes based on TOAST classification, specifically focussing on the Asian versus Caucasian population. ⋯ Our findings suggest strong association of smoking, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus with LAA and SVO subtypes in the Caucasian population. However, only diabetes mellitus showed significant association with both LAA and SVO subtypes in Asian population as well. Thus, a majority of the traditional modifiable risk factors had a positive association in LAA and SVO, while a negative protective association was observed in CE subtype, among both the Asian and the Caucasian subgroups.