European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Mar 2012
Visit-to-visit variability in blood pressure strongly predicts all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 5·5-year prospective analysis.
Elevations in blood pressure and visit-to-visit variability have been found to significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in nondiabetic individuals. This study has assessed the association between all-cause mortality and blood pressure parameters [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and visit-to-visit variability] in patients with type 2 diabetes. ⋯ Visit-to-visit variability in blood pressure was significantly associated with all-cause mortality independent of mean BP in patients with type 2 diabetes. The data for blood pressure variability might be regarded as a potentially important therapeutic target in the management of type 2 diabetes.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Mar 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialShort-term infusion of a fish oil-based lipid emulsion modulates fatty acid status, but not immune function or (anti)oxidant balance: a randomized cross-over study.
Studies suggest clinical benefits of parenteral fish oil (FO), rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), over soyabean oil (SO), rich in n-6 PUFAs, in patients with pro-inflammatory conditions such as sepsis and trauma. Because the mechanisms behind these observations remain unclear, the present study explored the effects of intravenous infusion of FO and SO on fatty acid incorporation, immune functions and (anti)oxidant balance in healthy human volunteers. ⋯ The present lipid infusion protocol appears to be safe and well tolerated and provides significant incorporation of n-3 PUFAs into plasma phospholipids and PBMCs. In the absence of overt inflammation, no direct effects of FO were observed on immune function or (anti)oxidant balance. This model may be useful to evaluate effects of parenteral lipids in other settings, for example in individuals displaying an inflammatory state.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Mar 2012
Endotoxemia affects citrulline, arginine and glutamine bioavailability.
Sepsis considerably alters the intestinal barrier functions, which in turn modify the absorption and bioavailability of nutrients. However, the effects of septic shock on aminoacid (AAs) bioavailability are poorly documented. The aim of this study was to compare the bioavailability of citrulline, arginine and glutamine during endotoxemia. ⋯ Endotoxemia affects the bioavailability of AAs differently according to the amino acid considered. This feature may be important for nutritional strategy in ICU patients.