The Medical clinics of North America
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A wide spectrum of central and peripheral nervous system abnormalities may be associated with HIV infection. These disorders may be caused by HIV infection, result as secondary complications related to immunosuppression, or be a neurotoxic effect of therapeutic agents. ⋯ Early diagnosis and therapy is critical, and may result in substantial improvement in patients' quality and quantity of life. This article reviews the approach to differential diagnosis of these neurologic disorders and presents theories of pathogenesis and current approaches to treatment.