Medicine
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Review Case Reports
An intracardiac accessory thyroid gland mimicking cardiac tumor: A case report and literature review.
An accessory thyroid gland (ATG) in the right ventricle is an extremely rare condition. Described herein are histological findings of ATG in the right ventricle found in a patient with a normal cervical thyroid gland. ⋯ After review and analysis of the case, we found that plain and contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans showed that the mass had a similar intensity and enhancement to a cervical thyroid gland, which we think may be a useful clue for making a preoperative diagnosis of ATG.
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Review Case Reports
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an adult kidney transplant recipient successfully treated by plasmapheresis: A case report and review of the literature.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease entity primarily described in children, but not less relevant in adults. It is characterized by a misdirected activation of the immune system, resulting in an uncontrolled cytokine release from macrophages and cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs). Primary HLH relies on a genetic predisposition, whereas secondary HLH develops in the context of infections, malignancies or autoimmune diseases. However, the awareness and therapeutic knowledge for HLH in adulthood is limited. Most therapy protocols are almost exclusively validated in pediatric cohorts and for primary HLH. Their transferability to adult individuals with mostly secondary HLH is doubtful. Especially the high liver and bone marrow toxicity of applied etoposide-based protocols is discussed controversially and connected to overwhelming infections and death. ⋯ HLH is an important differential diagnosis in critically ill patients. Its unspecific clinical picture complicates an early diagnosis and may be misclassified as sepsis. A combination of plasma exchange (PE), corticosteroids, anakinra, and cyclosporine (CsA) may be a promising and less toxic approach for HLH therapy in adults.
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Review Case Reports
Detection of programmed death ligand 1 protein and CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration in plurihormonal pituitary adenomas: A case report and review of the literatures.
Pituitary adenomas secreting two or more hormones were referred to the plurihormonal tumors. The management of this type of the tumor was tumor resection and amelioration of the unbalanced hormones. However, it washard to cure the plurihormonal adenomas, as they were usually refractory to the traditional treatment. New therapeutic methods were needed in dealing this tumor. ⋯ Our results indicated immunotherapy as a promising treatment for this tumor. More studies were needed to investigate the possibility of the immunotherapy in pituitary adenomas.
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Review Case Reports
Antiangiogenic therapy for primitive neuroectodermal tumor with thalidomide: A case report and review of literature.
Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is a kind of small round cell tumor derived from primitive neuroectodermal tumor. ⋯ Thalidomide provides a choice for maintenance therapy in PNET.
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Drug-induced prolongation of the corrected QT interval (QTc) may lead to serious and potentially life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmia, such as torsades de pointes (Tdp), which is worthy of clinical attention. Here, we report 1 case of Tdp after a coadministration of fluoxetine and amiodarone. ⋯ The present case demonstrates that a potential drug-drug interaction (DDI) may lead to a life-threatening drug adverse reaction (ADR) especially in special subjects. Therefore, clinicians should closely monitor the electrocardiogram (ECG) when QTc-prolonging agents are given to patients with cardiac abnormalities, and avoid combining 2 QTc-prolonging drugs.