Medicine
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Review Case Reports
Sirenomelia in twin pregnancy: A case report and literature review.
Sirenomelia is a very rare congenital malformation and characterized by fused lower extremities, oligohydramnios, renal agenesis, absent urinary tract and external genitalia, single umbilical artery, and imperforate anus. Ultrasonography is an optimal method for prenatal screening and diagnosis of sirenomelia. The incidence of sirenomelia in the twin pregnancy is extremely low. ⋯ Sirenomelia is a lethal condition in the perinatal period. Early antenatal diagnosis is very important. Voluntary selective termination of sirenomelia 1 in twin pregnancy may be advised. Expecting parents should be counseled by the multidisciplinary team about the management and prognosis of the sirenomelia.
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Review Case Reports
Hemobilia caused by pancreatic arteriovenous malformation: A case report and literature review.
Hemobilia caused by arteriovenous malformation is extremely rare but could be lethal. To date, most reports have been single-case reports, and no literature reviews are available. ⋯ Arteriovenous malformation is a rare cause of hemobilia, but it could lead to life threatening bleeding. Transarterial embolization could be effective to control the bleeding temporarily, however repeated hemorrhage may occur. Surgical resection may be a better option.
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Review Case Reports
Multiple cavernous hemangiomas of the lung and liver mimicking metastasis: A case report and literature review.
Cavernous hemangiomas are benign vascular malformations that usually involve the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and liver. Described herein was multiple masses in the lung and liver mimicking metastasis, which was proved to be cavernous hemangiomas histologically. ⋯ Proper diagnosis of multiple cavernous hemangiomas is essential. The final diagnosis depends on the pathology results. The most appropriate management is follow-up. Surgical treatment is suitable for large or symptomatic lesions which can result in satisfactory prognoses.
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We determined the value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) for the assessment of preoperative lymph node metastases in patients with esophageal cancer. ⋯ The PET/CT has a high diagnostic specificity but its diagnostic sensitivity is low; thus, its diagnosis findings cannot accurately reflect the lymph node status.
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Delirium is common in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery and related to a high morbidity and mortality. Although a variety of pharmacologic interventions have been applied in delirium prevention, there is still uncertainty concerning which drug is optimal. Thus, we plan to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of published studies to assess the efficacy and safety of pharmacologic interventions for preventing delirium among those patients. ⋯ Our study will generate convincing evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of different pharmacologic interventions for delirium prevention in cardiac surgery patients.