Medicine
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Case Reports
When dysphoria is not a primary mental state: A case report of the role of the aromatic L-aminoacid decarboxylase.
The aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency (AADCD) is a rare, autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder caused by a deficit of the AADC that is involved in serotonin and dopamine biosynthesis, causing as a consequence, their deficits, but also a lack of norepinephrine and epinephrine, given that dopamine is their precursor. ⋯ The heterozygosity for p.Ser250Phe may have influenced the clinical manifestations, given that the patient presented some overlapping symptoms with those in AADCD, but while AADCD normally is diagnosed during childhood, the fact that the patient carried the mutation in heterozygosity may have alleviated and delayed the clinical manifestations.
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Case Reports
A rare subtype of meningioma: Case series of anaplastic meningioma and review of the literature.
Anaplastic meningioma, a rare subtype of meningioma, has malignant morphological characteristics and a World Health Organization (WHO) grade of III. ⋯ This malignant subtype can be secondary to a WHO grade I meningioma after a long quiescent period. Necrosis was common in the tumor tissues, and Ki67 index was usually high. For patients with a history of meningioma, including benign cases, regular physical examination is important for early detection of tumor recurrence and malignant transformation.
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Laryngeal cysts are rare lesions that may occur at any mucosa-lined location within the larynx. Papillomas are also benign lesions of the larynx. ⋯ To our knowledge, this is the first report of a concomitant tonsillar cyst and a papilloma in the larynx. Asymptomatic laryngeal cysts can be detected endoscopically. RFA is safe and effective for endoscopic management.
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Case Reports
Reversible splenial lesion syndrome after blood transfusion presents callosal disconnection syndrome: A case report.
Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is a reversible condition with an excellent prognosis in most patients. The clinical features include altered states of consciousness, delirium, headache, and seizures, but no callosal disconnection syndromes have been described in RESLES. ⋯ Neurologists should be aware of the symptoms of callosal disconnection syndrome in RESLES. In addition, caution should be taken when transfusing blood products in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.
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Observational Study
Associations among health behaviors, body mass index, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus: A path analysis.
Hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes are common diseases; however, the effects of health behavior and body mass index (BMI) on their incidence and relationship are unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations among health behaviors, BMI, HTN, and type 2 diabetes. This study was a secondary data analysis using Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging data between 2010 and 2014 (third and fifth). ⋯ In the normal and overweight group, health behaviors were not related to BMI, but high BMI was related to the incidence of HTN and type 2 diabetes. Smoking has a direct effect on the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Thus, the importance of maintaining an ideal BMI and smoking cessation are highlighted.