Medicine
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Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is considered the main cause of orofacial pain of non-dental origin, and a public health problem. The symptomatology is muscular and/or articular pain, restriction of the mandibular range of motion, and changes in the mandibular movement pattern. Due to its complexity there are already treatments using various forms of therapy. Photobiomodulation using light sources, such as low-level laser or light emitting diodes (LED), with different wavelengths, in a single or combined form, allows one more therapeutic resource to be explored. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation with the simultaneous use of red and infrared LEDs, on pain, range of mandibular movements, and on the electrical activity of masticatory muscles in individuals with TMD. ⋯ We expect the use of photobiomodulation with LEDs, infra and red, to reduce pain, improve temporomandibular joint function in patients with TMD, and thus improve the general conditions of the patient.
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This systematic review aims to investigate the effectiveness and safety of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on hearing loss (HL) caused by skull base fracture (SBF). ⋯ PROSPERO CRD42019120195.
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Although automobile driving is often necessary in daily life, most package inserts for psychotropic drugs in Japan prohibit patients from driving under the influence of medication. This may be partially because no system to evaluate the influence of drugs on driving performance has been established. Standardized evaluation methods have been established in the Netherlands and the United States, but these cannot be implemented in Japan because of differences in road situations, traffic laws, and ethnicities. Therefore, to establish a method to evaluate the influence of drugs on driving performance in Japan, we planned a validation study using alcohol and a driving simulator (DS) and set a clinically meaningful threshold involving the standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP), which is a criterion standard evaluation item. ⋯ Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee at Hakata Clinic and the Nagoya University Medical School Hospital Bioethics Review Committee. The trial results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and international conferences.
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Comparative Study Observational Study
A comparative analysis of clinicopathological factors between esophageal small cell and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma.
Esophageal small cell carcinoma (E-SmCC) and basaloid squamous cell carcinomas (BSCCs) are both highly aggressive malignancies, but their detailed differences in clinical behaviors have remained virtually unknown. In addition, treatment strategies of the patients with E-SmCC have not been established. 29 cases of E-SmCC and 39 with BSCC were examined in this study to clarify the clinical features and outcome of the patients with E-SmCC and to compare the findings with those of BSCC. E-SmCCs presented a more advanced status than BSCC (TNM Stage: P = .002). ⋯ E-SmCC was a more aggressive neoplasm than BSCC. However, early detection could possibly improve the clinical outcome of patients with E-SmCC. Systemic therapy could also benefit the patients with advanced disease (Stage II-IV).
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Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a very critical threat to public health worldwide, and is the primary cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Yinchenhao decoction (YCHD) is a classic prescription of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of jaundice. Despite the satisfactory clinical efficacy of YCHD in the treatment of CHB, the safety of YCHD is still uncertain. Therefore, we will provide a systematic review of YCHD in CHB treatments. ⋯ PROSPERO CRD42019119720.