Medicine
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As one of the prototypical intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage (SCH) is treated with different strategies by comparing with supratentorial hemorrhage (SH). Additionally, SCH patients usually suffer from worse prognosis than patients with other types of ICH. It is well documented that the unique anatomic structures of posterior cranial fossa lead to a higher risk for brainstem compression and/or brain edema in SCH patients. ⋯ Moreover, absolute neutrophil count, absolute lymphocyte count, presence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score were also correlated with admission NLR, respectively. Admission NLR is a potential marker to independently predict the 30 days functional outcome of SCH patients. Based on our results, systemic inflammation in admission might be considered as an important player in participating the pathological process of patients with SCH.
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Sarcoidosis is an immune-mediated systemic disease, and the increase in CD4+ T lymphocyte cells is considered as a key factor for the development of sarcoidosis. The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is well known as the impaired immune system and characterized by relative lack of CD4+ T lymphocytes. Thus, the coexistence of sarcoidosis and HIV infection has rarely been reported. ⋯ The coexistence of sarcoidosis and HIV infection is rare because of paradoxical roles of CD4-positive T cells in the pathogenesis of AIDS and sarcoidosis.
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Optic disk hemorrhage has been closely correlated with glaucoma for its development and progression. Phacoemulsification surgery results in large intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation. We report a case of optic disk hemorrhage and consequently progressive vitreous hemorrhage after an unsuccessful phacoemulsification surgery in an advanced normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patient. ⋯ Severe optic disk hemorrhage may occur after phacoemulsification in advanced glaucoma patients. Systemic vascular factors, such as chronic hypertension and old age, and surgical complications, such as posterior capsule rupture and postoperative IOP elevation, would further increase the risk. For phacoemulsification in advanced glaucoma cases, extra care should be taken to control intraoperative IOP fluctuations and monitor postoperative IOP.
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Pulmonary artery sarcomas (PAS) are easily misdiagnosed as thromboembolic disease of pulmonary arteries, because of rarity and presenting with nonspecific signs, symptoms, or imaging findings. ⋯ Coagulation markers have been reported to differentiate PAS from PE, but this case suggested that PAS can be associated with DVT and abnormal coagulation-fibrinolysis system.
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Case Reports
Nociceptive pain unmasking a serious pathology - paraneoplastic hypertrophic osteoarthropathy: A case report.
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, also named Pierre Marie-Bamberger syndrome, represents a rare medical condition that may be considered either a primary or a secondary disease, and lung malignancies are responsible for more than two-thirds of the cases with secondary forms of the disease. ⋯ This is an interesting case of a patient with an overlooked pathology, which was refereed to our clinic for further investigations of a pain that was considered neuropathic, secondary to small cervical protrusions. Conversely, the pain proved to be nociceptive and Pierre Marie-Bamberger syndrome was the positive diagnosis in our patient, as it can be associated with numerous diseases, especially of neoplastic origin.