Medicine
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Most leiomyomas are located in the uterus. Leiomyomas are rarely found outside the uterus and classified as leiomyoma beyond the uterus (LBU). This group consists of disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis, benign metastasizing leiomyoma, intravenous leiomyomatosis, parasite leiomyoma located in the broad ligament and retroperitoneal space. The descriptions of the patients who suffer from these types of leiomyomas are presented mainly in case reports. ⋯ The recurrent multiple uterine leiomyoma precede LBU. The uterine leiomyoma spreads intravenously route to parametria as parasite leiomyoma, then to vena cava. It has to be taken into account in follow-up.
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Case Reports
Encephalitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes in a healthy adult male in China: A case report.
Listeria monocytogenes rarely affects immunocompetent adults, and only a few cases of encephalitis caused by L monocytogenes in humans have been reported in China. ⋯ We report a rare case of L monocytogenes encephalitis in a previously healthy immunocompetent adult in China. The patient's CT scans showed increasing brain swelling and hydrocephalus, and the patient's condition progressively deteriorated.
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Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is a rare developmental deformity of the lower respiratory tract. The disease occurs more in newborns. However, on rare occasions, CPAM can be found in adults. Radiologic features of CPAM include cystic or solid mass pattern. In an elderly patient, CPAM can be easily misdiagnosed as lung cancer. ⋯ CPAM is rare in adults, and imaging cannot accurately distinguish CPAM from thin-walled cystic lung cancer. Hence, histopathology is mandatory to confirm the diagnosis.
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Case Reports
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection associated with hemoptysis: A case report.
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the failure of fusion of embryologic pulmonary venous system with left atrium. ⋯ PAPVC is associated with atrial septal defect in 80% to 90% of cases while isolated PAPVC with intact atrial septum is an extremely rare entity. We present a rare isolated PAPVC patient with hemoptysis. To our best knowledge, PAPVC associated with hemoptysis has never been reported before.
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Optic disk hemorrhage has been closely correlated with glaucoma for its development and progression. Phacoemulsification surgery results in large intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation. We report a case of optic disk hemorrhage and consequently progressive vitreous hemorrhage after an unsuccessful phacoemulsification surgery in an advanced normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patient. ⋯ Severe optic disk hemorrhage may occur after phacoemulsification in advanced glaucoma patients. Systemic vascular factors, such as chronic hypertension and old age, and surgical complications, such as posterior capsule rupture and postoperative IOP elevation, would further increase the risk. For phacoemulsification in advanced glaucoma cases, extra care should be taken to control intraoperative IOP fluctuations and monitor postoperative IOP.