Medicine
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Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) after treatment with bortezomib-based regimens in HBV-positive patients with multiple myeloma (MM) has been reported in the past few years. Nevertheless, there is evidence of inhibition of HBV replication by bortezomib in transgenic mice. However, there is still no clinical evidence that bortezomib inhibits HBV. ⋯ This is the first case of MM with HBV clearance after receiving a bortezomib-based regimen combined with anti-HBV drug. Research on related mechanisms might provide new suggestions and hope for better management of HBV positive patients with MM and for the treatment of HBV patients.
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Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is a major cause of secondary hypertension (HT) of renal origin - a significant prognostic factor of IgAN. In children, similar to HT, prehypertension (pre-HT) is becoming a significant health issue. However, the role of secondary HT and pre-HT (HT/pre-HT) in the progression of pediatric IgAN remains unclear. ⋯ HT/pre-HT in pediatric IgAN patients is an important modifiable factor. A relationship is observed between HT/pre-HT and its determinants, especially segmental glomerulosclerosis. Potential therapeutic approaches for IgAN with HT/pre-HT might be directed toward the management of coagulation status, active lesions, and hemodynamics for slowing disease progression.
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Case Reports
Case report: severe myoclonus associated with oral midodrine treatment for hypotension.
Midodrine is widely used in the treatment of hypotensive states, there have been no reports of myoclonus associated with midodrine use in hypotension with chronic kidney disease. ⋯ Oral midodrine is widely used in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension, recurrent reflex syncope and dialysis-associated hypotension and the adverse effects are mostly mild. However, clinicians should be alert for midodrine-induced myoclonus, especially in patients with CKD.
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Case Reports
Acute bilateral cerebral infarction in the presence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A case report.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) are inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system; they are characterized by severe optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse (IVMP) therapy is an effective treatment that is administered to patients in the acute phase of NMOSD; this therapy has achieved remarkable results in clinical practice. However, there are no reports on NMOSD patients who have experienced an acute bilateral cerebral infarction while undergoing IVMP treatment. ⋯ Medical professionals must be aware of the possibility of NMOSD patients with cerebrovascular risk factors suffering an acute cerebral infarction while undergoing high-dose IVMP therapy, as this therapy can exacerbate existing problems.
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Observational Study
Implications of electronic cigarette use for depressive mood: A nationwide cross-sectional study.
Despite the controversy surrounding electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) safety, global consumption has been rapidly increasing. We investigated the relationship between e-cigarette use and mental health conditions in adults of various ages. We conducted a secondary data analysis of adults aged 19 to 80 who participated in the first year of the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016). ⋯ The number of participants with depressive mood was significantly higher in the group of smokers who previously used e-cigarettes. In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses, there was a significantly higher odds ratio for higher stress in male smokers who had previously used e-cigarettes and for depressive mood in female smokers who had previously used e-cigarettes, compared with non-smokers. This study analyzed the association between adult e-cigarette use and mental health conditions, including stress and depressive mood, and showed that e-cigarette use was significantly related to both conditions in men and women.