Medicine
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Observational Study
Aspirin and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.
Aspirin therapy has shown protective effects against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in preclinical studies. However, it is unclear whether aspirin therapy lowers the risk of HCC in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. A retrospective analysis of data from 949 consecutive patients with alcoholic cirrhosis who abstained from alcoholic drinking was performed. ⋯ In propensity score-matched pairs, aspirin therapy significantly reduced the risk of HCC (aHR: 0.14; 95% CI: 0.09-0.22; P < .001). In bleeding risk, treatment with aspirin alone was not significantly associated with a higher bleeding risk (aHR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.45-1.44; P = .46). Aspirin therapy was associated with the lower risk of HCC in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.
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In China, there is a significant lack of awareness of diabetes and its complications. Screening of diabetic retinopathy has important for early detection, prevention, and treatment. This large, cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the demographic, physical, serological, and ocular characteristics of subjects with diabetes mellitus in Shijiazhuang, China. ⋯ Diabetic retinopathy was the most common ocular fundus disease in diabetic patients. Also, aging, the other comorbidities, and metabolic syndrome are associated with diabetic retinopathy. Level of Evidence: III.
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Observational Study
Functional health literacy among left-behind students in senior high schools in an ethnic minority area: A cross-sectional study.
To verify the validity of functional health literacy scale and analyze what influences functional health literacy. Using convenience sampling method based on cross-sectional data to select 589 left-behind senior high-school students in an ethnic minority area, using the functional health literacy scale. ⋯ Gender(t = 2.40, P < .05), ethnicity (t = 4.28, P < .001), place of residence (t = = 4.51, P < .001), mother's education level (F = 3.608, P < .05), self-assessment of grades for 1 year (F = 25.781, P < .001), and whether the participant liked the health education content (F = 9.416, P < .001) had impacts on overall functional health literacy. The study results show that relatively satisfactory reliability and validity and can be applied further analysis for improving students functional health literacy levels.
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A core outcome set (COS) is an agreed minimum set of outcomes that should be reported in all clinical trials in specific areas of health care. A considerable amount of trials did not report essential outcomes or outcomes measurement methods, which makes it challenging to evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatment strategies for pressure injury (PI) and produced significant heterogeneity of reported outcomes. It is necessary to develop a COS, which can be used for clinical trials in PI treatment. ⋯ The COS will follow current guidance to develop a high-quality COS in the field of PI treatment to reduce heterogeneity in trial reporting, facilitate valid comparisons of new therapies, and improve the quality of clinical trials.
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Gene expressions in the myocardium have been shown to vary between different causes of death, which can be utilized in the recognition of varied processes. Our previous work with a limited number of cases showed a high messenger ribonucleic acid expression of the transcript variant alt-a of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (p21 alt-a) in chronic cardiac ischemia deaths and a low expression in hypothermia deaths and acute myocardial ischemia deaths. In present work, p21 alt-a expression in the myocardium of human cadavers was calculated using glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as reference gene. ⋯ Chronic ischemic heart disease in hypothermia cases did not increase the expression. The p21 alt-a expression did not correlate with postmortem interval, quality of RNA or with the age of the deceased. The p21 alt-a referenced to GAPDH expression in cadaver myocardium has apparent potential as a marker distinguishing between hypothermia and cardiac/respiratory diseases as causes of death.