Medicine
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Observational Study
Circulating myokine levels in different stages of glucose intolerance.
Type 2 diabetes is the fastest growing metabolic disease in the world. Recently, muscle is considered an endocrine organ which secretes various peptides that play an important role in insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. We assessed 4 different myokines, irisin, interleukin-13 (IL-13), follistatin-related protein-1 (FSTL-1), and fractalkine, in normal, prediabetes, and diabetes patients. ⋯ FSTL-1 of diabetes group was lower than that of prediabetes group (P < .05), and fractalkine was higher in diabetes group compared to that of prediabetes and normal group (P < .01, P < .01, respectively). Irisin, IL-13, and FSTL-1 levels were reduced in diabetes group compared to normal or prediabetes group while fractalkine showed a progressive increase from normal to diabetes group. Further studies are warranted to study the roles of various myokine in diabetes through a larger prospective study.
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Observational Study
Anxiety evaluation in Nepalese adult patients awaiting cardiac surgery: A prospective observational study.
Perioperative anxiety could negatively affect surgery outcomes, and cardiac diseases have long been known to be an independent risk factor for anxiety development. However, little is known about preoperative anxiety in Nepalese adult cardiac patients waiting for surgery. The primary objectives of this study were to: (1) clarify the levels of preoperative anxiety in Nepalese adult cardiac patients waiting for open heart surgery; (2) identify factors associated with preoperative anxiety; and (3) evaluate any possible factors associated with patients' desire to obtain information related to their heart surgery. ⋯ The study concluded that more than a half of the cardiac surgery patients experiences preoperative anxiety; female gender and having past anesthesia exposure are the risk factors. Anxious patients have more desire to acquire knowledge about the procedure. Thus, the evaluation and adequate management of preoperative anxiety should be proposed in high-risk groups.
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Case Reports
Extreme delta brush patterns guide the complex motor phenomenon of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: A case report.
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disease that is associated with cell-surface NMDAR-targeting autoantibodies. Typical anti-NMDAR encephalitis symptoms include psychosis, seizure and extrapyramidal side effects. However, early diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis remains challenging due to the complexity of the motor phenomenon. ⋯ We conclude that subacute onset focal seizure with psychosis as well as compatible electroencephalography findings (i.e., extreme delta brush patterns) should be considered notable early indicators of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. This would ensure early and effective clinical interventions, which are essential for favorable outcomes.
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This study aimed to investigate whether trunk fat mass measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) correlates with balance and physical performance. This study utilized 2-year baseline data pertaining to 3014 participants from the database of the Korean frailty and aging cohort study. The trunk lean mass and fat mass were measured by DEXA. ⋯ The tFMI was positively correlated with mean values of 4 m gait speed, repeat chair stand time in SPPB, TUG, and SARC-F and negatively correlated with hand grip, IADL, total balance test score in SPPB, total SPPB score, and age. The results of the multiple generalized linear model analysis that assessed the factors associated with balance and physical performance indicated that tFMI had a significant correlation with repeat chair stand time in SPPB (seconds) (Beta estimate [B]: 0.252), TUG (seconds) (B: 0.25), 4 m gait speed (seconds) (B: 0.055), and total balance score in SPPB (B: -0.035). Higher tFMI using DEXA was correlated with low physical performance and balance, indicating that trunk fat mass was associated with balance and physical performance in community-dwelling older people.
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Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common chronic muscular diseases in old people. In recent years, people are more and more interested in the use of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in the treatment of KOA, such as kidney-tonifying and blood-activating medicinal herbs (KTBAMs) in the treatment of KOA. Many studies have confirmed that KTBAMs are effective in the treatment of KOA. However, it is still unknown whether KTBAMs and NSAIDs are more effective in the treatment of KOA. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of KTBAMs and NSAIDs in the treatment of KOA. ⋯ This proposed systematic review will provide up-to-date evidence to assess the effect of KTBAMs in the treatment for patients with KOA. RESEARCH REGISTRY REGISTRATION NUMBER: : reviewregistry 783.