Medicine
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Road traffic injuries (RTIs) have become a considerable issue for children. In China, RTIs are among the top 3 contributors to injury-related mortality and disability-adjusted life years. The present study aimed to evaluate social and environmental factors that may contribute to RTIs among children under 5 in rural areas of China. ⋯ The living environment and behaviors of primary caregivers can affect risk of RTIs in children younger than 5 years in rural China. Road safety awareness should be strengthened at the community and kindergarten levels.
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We set out to evaluate the biomechanical influence of foraminoplasty on intervertebral discs in different areas under lumber percutaneous endoscopy through the use of a three-dimensional finite element. ⋯ There is more biomechanical influence on the L4/5 disc when carrying out a foraminoplasty on L4 inferior articular process under a lumber percutaneous endoscopy. In addition, the influence of both types of surgery on the stress of L3/4 disc is small.
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Observational Study
Predictive model for the diagnosis of benign/malignant small pulmonary nodules.
There is some doubt that all nodules <8 mm are really mainly benign and that simple follow-up is adequate in all cases. The purpose of this study is to create a predictive model for the diagnosis of benign and malignant small pulmonary nodules. This was a retrospective case-control study of patients who had undergone pulmonary nodule resection at the Zhejiang University Jinhua Hospital. ⋯ Using a cut-off of 0.762 resulted in 63.1% sensitivity and 75.0% specificity. This study proposes a pulmonary nodule prediction model that can estimate benign/malignant lung nodules with good sensitivity and specificity. Mixed ground-glass nodules, vascular penetration sign, density of lung nodules, and the absence of incisure signs are independently associated with malignant lung nodules.
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The economic burden of diabetes has increased over time with disease severity. Previous publications investigating the effects of physical activity (PA) on medical costs have made use of small sample sizes. We assessed the relationship between PA and 1-year medical expenditure among Taiwanese patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ⋯ In general, patients who had exercise >150 minutes/week had lower health care spending (i.e., US$ 755.83) followed by those who had less than 150 minutes/week (US$ 880.08) when compared with inactive patients (P < .0001). Moreover, health care costs derived from outpatient or inpatient care were lower for sufficiently active than inactive participants (P < .0001). Compared with being sedentary, PA was associated with lower health care costs of Taiwanese adults with diabetes mellitus.
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Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. In the present research, we adopted a comprehensive bioinformatics method to identify some biomarkers associated with the tumor progression and prognosis of PCa. ⋯ Four hub genes were identified as candidate biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for further studies of exploring molecular mechanisms and individual therapy on PCa.