Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Development of convolutional neural network model for diagnosing tear of anterior cruciate ligament using only one knee magnetic resonance image.
Deep learning is an advanced machine learning approach used in diverse areas such as image analysis, bioinformatics, and natural language processing. In the current study, using only one knee magnetic resonance image of each patient, we attempted to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) to diagnose anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. We retrospectively recruited 164 patients who had knee injury and underwent knee magnetic resonance imaging evaluation. ⋯ Of the included subjects, 79% were assigned randomly to the training set and the remaining 21% were assigned to the test set to measure the model performance. The area under the curve was 0.941 (95% CI, 0.862-1.000) for the classification of intact and tears of the ACL. We demonstrated that a CNN model trained using one knee magnetic resonance image of each patient could be helpful in diagnosing ACL tear.
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Hypothermia has been shown to be associated with a high mortality rate among patients with sepsis. However, the relationship between hypothermia and body mass index (BMI) with respect to mortality remains to be elucidated. We conducted this study to assess the association between hypothermia and survival outcomes of patients with sepsis according to BMI categories. ⋯ Patients with body temperature < 36 °C (hypothermia) had a higher in-hospital mortality rate than that had by those without hypothermia in the normal BMI group (25/63, 39.7% vs. 107/549, 19.5%); however, this was not true for patients in the low or high BMI groups. A significant interaction was observed between hypothermia and normal BMI for in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-3.41; P value for interaction = .04); however, such an interaction was not found between hypothermia and low or high BMIs. Patients with sepsis and hypothermia in the normal BMI subgroup may have a higher mortality risk than that of those in the low or high BMI subgroups and, therefore, require more attention.
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Development of delirium during hospitalization impairs the activities of daily living in elderly hospitalized patients. In clinical practice, early mobilization from bed is recommended to reduce delirium incidence and hospitalization stay. However, the effects of early mobilization on elderly inpatients with delirium have not been established yet. ⋯ Moreover, the duration of delirium significantly positively moderate correlated with the time until the start of sitting on the bed and wheelchair use (Spearman r = 0.527; P = .012, Spearman r = 0.630; P = .002, respectively). The results of this study suggest that early mobilization from sitting on the bed or wheelchair use after hospitalization or surgery may shorten the duration of delirium. Because the sample size of this pilot study is small, careful interpretation is needed, and further research is warranted.
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The oxidant/antioxidant status balance is a process that begins before birth and premature infants are particularly susceptible to oxidative stress. According to the mechanisms of oxidative stress and lack of study in this field, in this prospective study, we aimed to compare the levels of serum pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance (PAB) in preterm versus term babies. This was a prospective cross-sectional study that was performed in Ghaem hospital, a university tertiary hospital, in Mashhad, Iran. ⋯ Serum PAB level was significantly lower in preterm neonates rather than in term neonates (21.86 ± 21.01 vs 50.33 ± 31.69; P = .001). There was also a significant negative correlation between PAB levels and gestational age. According to previous investigations, we showed for the first time in our study that PAB is lower in preterm newborns rather than in term ones.
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Preeclampsia (PE), defined as new-onset hypertension and multi-organ systemic complication during pregnancy, is the leading cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. With extracellular vesicles research progresses, current data refers to the possibility that ferroptosis may play a role in exosomal effects. Evidence has suggested that ferroptosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia by bioinformatics analyses. ⋯ We constructed a regulatory network of miRNA-hub gene and the findings demonstrate that hsa-miR-26b-5p, hsa-miR-192-5p, hsa-miR-124-3p, hsa-miR-492, hsa-miR-34a-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p could regulate most hub genes. In this study, we identified several central genes closely related to ferroptosis in STB-EVs (ALB, NOX4, CDKN2A, TXNRD1, and CAV1) that are potential biomarkers related to ferroptosis in preeclampsia. Our findings will provide evidence for the involvement of ferroptosis in preeclampsia and improve the understanding of ferroptosis-related molecular pathways in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.