Medicine
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Concepts surrounding the mechanisms of thrombocytopenia in ITP have shifted from the traditional view of autoantibody mediated platelet destruction to more complex mechanisms in which impaired platelet production, T-cell-mediated effects, and disturbed cytokine profiles play a role. Interleukin 27 (IL-27) plays pleiotropic roles in immunomodulation and autoimmune diseases. We aimed to determine the level of IL-27 in patients with ITP and its relationship to patient and disease characteristics as well as disease chronicity and response to treatment. ⋯ Patients who received Eltrombopag had significantly lower IL-27 levels than others. IL-27 seems to play a role in pathogenesis of childhood ITP. IL-27 can be used as a predictor for disease occurrence as well as responsiveness to treatment.
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In recent years, many countries around the world have been threatened by COVs. The aim of this study was to better grasp developments and trends in research on coronavirus around the world and to promote theoretical research into their prevention and control. ⋯ Coronavirus, which occurs all over the world, often causes huge casualties and economic losses, and poses a serious threat to the safe and stable operation of the social and economic system. Objective literature review and analysis can help scholars in related fields to deepen their overall understanding. And, there are several key issues that should be further explored in future research.
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Observational Study
One-year efficacy of tenofovir alafenamide in patients with chronic hepatitis B: An observational study.
Non-inferior antiviral efficacy and better renal safety have been reported in chronic hepatitis B patients with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) treatment. The experience in real-world clinical practice is limited. We aimed to explore the efficacy after 1-year TAF treatment. ⋯ Significant changes were observed in creatinine (mean increase 0.03 mg/dL, P = .011) and eGFR (mean decrease 2.6 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = .004) after 1-year TAF treatment. One-year TAF treatment came to good virological response, modest ALT normalization rate and significant HBsAg decline. The observation of significant changes in eGFR warranted further studies.
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Oncogenic microRNAs, a kind of stable epigenetic inhibitors, often deregulated in Mycosis fungoides (MF) which affect the skin and tend to transform and spread. ⋯ Taken together, these studies demonstrate that microRNA may be used as the prognosis, progression and diagnose of MF, as they can not only control MF cell proliferation, but also induce MF cell apoptosis.
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Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). AIDS is characterized by an impaired immune system and low cellular immunity. The main manifestation of AIDS is a reduction in the number of CD4+ T cells and alteration in cytokine concentration. ⋯ The statistical analysis revealed that the concentration of IL-31 in HIV-1 infection was higher than that in the normal control. In addition, the expression of IL-31 was significantly higher in the sexual transmission group compared to the blood transmission group (P < .05). IL-31 could have an important role in HIV infection, although the role of IL-31 in disease progression in HIV-infected individuals requires further research.