Medicine
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Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide, causing serious harm to human health. Epigenetic modification, especially RNA methylation modification, plays a critical role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer via post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA and non-coding RNA expression. Among these, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common chemical modification in mammals, which plays an important role in the progress of cancer, including colorectal cancer. m6A is a dynamic and reversible process and is mainly regulated by m6A methyltransferase ("writers"), m6A demethylases ("erasers"), and m6A binding proteins ("readers"). ⋯ Furthermore, we discussed the clinical application of m6A modifications for colorectal cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment and provided guides in clinical practice. m6A modification and m6A regulators play significant roles in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer by regulating the stability and translation of mRNAs, the maturation of miRNAs, and the function of lncRNAs. m6A regulators can play biological roles in colorectal cancer through m6A-dependent manner or m6A-independent manner. Multiplies of internal factors, including miRNAs and lncRNAs, and external factors can also regulate the m6A modification by completing with m6A regulators in a base complement manner, regulating the expression of m6A and mutating the m6A site. m6A regulators and m6A modificantion are diagnostic and prognostic markers for CRC. Therefore, m6A regulators and m6A modificantion may be potential therapeutic target for CRC in the future.
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Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a severe form of sickle cell disease that primarily affects black populations and individuals in tropical countries. This condition causes significant morbidity and mortality and leads to a range of psychosocial challenges. A preliminary search was conducted on Ovid Medline and public databases with a combination of Medical Subject Headings keywords, resulting in 368 articles. ⋯ Early identification and intervention, comprehensive support programs, patient and family education, enhanced pain management strategies, and integration of mental health into clinical care are recommended. School-based support, research and advocacy, and community support groups are also important. By addressing these challenges through comprehensive care and support, healthcare professionals, policymakers, and society can reduce psychosocial distress and improve the lives of individuals with SCA.
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Review
Genomic profiling for non-small cell lung cancer: Clinical relevance in staging and prognosis.
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers prevalent and around 80% of all cases are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Due to high recurrence rates, the mortality of NSCLC is high. ⋯ Gene expression analysis has been shown to possess advantage over conventional staging systems in NSCLC in terms of patients risk classification. This article reviews the evidences on the genomic profiling of NSCLC patients into high and low-risk groups based on the expression of genes involved in various proliferative pathways.
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Bone and soft tissue tumors are diverse, accompanying by complex histological components and significantly divergent biological behaviors. It is a challenge to address the demand for qualitative imaging as traditional imaging is restricted to the detection of anatomical structures and aberrant signals. With the improvement of digitalization in hospitals and medical centers, the introduction of electronic medical records and easier access to large amounts of information coupled with the improved computational power, traditional medicine has evolved into the combination of human brain, minimal data, and artificial intelligence. ⋯ Two observers separately examined PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI to find existing studies, case reports, and clinical guidelines about research status and progress of radiomics in bone and soft tissue tumors from January 2010 to February 2023. When evaluating the literature, factors such as patient age, medical history, and severity of the condition will be considered. This narrative review summarizes the application and progress of radiomics in bone and soft tissue tumors.
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Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is an important factor in cardiac function decline observed in various cardiovascular diseases. To understand the progress in the field of cardiomyocyte apoptosis research, this paper uses bibliometrics to statistically analyze publications in this field. ⋯ NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 inflammasome, circular RNA, and sepsis are the research frontiers in this field and are emerging as new areas of research focus. This work provides insight into research directions and the clinical application value for the continued advancement of cardiomyocyte apoptosis research.