Medicine
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Food allergy (FA) is an increasing global public health concern. Little is known about FA counsel in primary care clinics. The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics of FA in primary care clinics. ⋯ The most common FA presentation is a severe allergic reaction in the pediatric population. The current primary care physicians have insufficient knowledge about counseling FA and long for further training. Collectively, protocols and training for FA counseling should be launched in primary care.
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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) are a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer and can be divided into functional (30-40%) and nonfunctional subtypes. The different subtypes of functional PanNETs (F-PanNETs) have a variety of classical presentations that raise suspicion for an underlying PanNET. It is estimated that 90% of PanNETs are sporadic, and the PI3K-Akt-mTOR and ATRX/DAXX signaling pathways have been recognized as key genetic pathways implicated in the pathogenesis. ⋯ The treatment options for F-PanNETs include surgical methods such as enucleation, systemic therapies like chemotherapy and novel targeted therapies such as everolimus. The prognosis for F-PanNETs is more favorable than for nonfunctional PanNETs, however metastatic disease is associated with poor survival outcomes. Researchers should also focus their efforts on identifying novel pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of F-PanNETs in order to develop new targeted therapies that may reduce the need for surgical intervention and on the establishment of novel biomarkers that may reduce the need for invasive testing and allow for earlier detection of F-PanNETs.
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To explore the mechanism of Zhenwu Decoction (ZWD) in the treatment of heart failure (HF) by network pharmacology analysis, so as to provide a basis for the innovation and application of drugs. The effective components and targets of 5 Chinese herbal medicines in ZWD were retrieved by TCM Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Gene card, OMIM and TTD databases were used to obtain the disease targets of HF, and the intersection with the targets of ZWD was obtained. ⋯ Among them, ZWD for HF has 27 active components and 38 common targets, and the core targets of PPI are IL-6, ATK1 and TNF. Pathway enrichment analysis included lipid and atherosclerotic and TNF signaling pathways. This study preliminarily clarified the main active components, targets and related pathways of ZWD in the treatment of HF, and laid a foundation for further study of the pharmacological effects of ZWD.
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Despite advancements in preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic activities in medicine, inflammatory processes of the central nervous system remain a significant problem, posing a serious threat to life and health. Purulent central nervous system infections are unique, including abscesses of the brain and spine, which are severe infections occurring in 0.4% to 0.9% of 1000 patients worldwide. Central nervous system abscesses have varying etiology. ⋯ Sometimes, the condition of patients with brain abscesses is severe and life-threatening. Therefore, detecting and eliminating all causes early, including those potentially resulting from odontogenic infections, is important; accurate and early diagnosis enables appropriate treatment. This paper presents a review of the information available in the literature on brain abscesses and their relationship with odontogenic foci of infection in the oral cavity.
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Xiaotan Sanjie Formula (XTSJF), a traditional Chinese prescription, holds promising potential in addressing gastric cancer (GC). Despite this, the fundamental constituents and underlying mechanisms that define XTSJF's attributes remain enigmatic. Against this backdrop, this study endeavors to unravel the latent mechanisms driving XTSJF's impact on GC, leveraging the synergistic prowess of network pharmacology and molecular docking methodologies. ⋯ KEGG analysis shows that XTSJF treated GC primarily by regulating signaling pathways including the TNF, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways. According to the results of the PPI network and molecular docking, quercetin, β-sitosterol, naringenin, nobiletin, and kaempferol exhibit stronger affinity with TP53, MAPK3, MAPK1, STAT3, and AKT1. This study indicates the active components of XTSJF as well as its possible molecular mechanism against GC, and it serves as a foundation for future fundamental research.