Medicine
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Studies have revealed that vasa vasorum (VV) neovascularization is vital for the progression and vulnerability of coronary atherosclerotic plaques. The correlation between VV, plaque constituents, and the no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains elusive. We explored plaque constituents in iMap-intravascular ultrasound (iMap-IVUS) and NRP during PCI for VV lesions. ⋯ Multivariate analyses revealed that VV and plaque volume were independent predictors of NRP after stent deployment (odds ratio [OR]: 5.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-15.32, P = .002; OR: 4.79, 95% CI: 1.08-9.01, P = .005). Lesions with VV exhibited considerable plaque vulnerability in patients with ACS, and they displayed more NRP during PCI. VV and plaque volume were independent predictors of NRP after stent deployment.
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In order to replenish iron stores and bring hemoglobin (Hb) levels back to normal, oral iron is the primary treatment option for women with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). This study investigated the efficacy and side effects of daily versus alternate-day, given single doses versus double doses oral iron supplementation for treating IDA. A retrospective cohort study was performed between 2021 and 2022, including 120 patients. ⋯ The incidence of GI side effects were greater in double doses than in single doses of daily or alternate-day therapies (43.3% and 30% vs 10% and 3.3%). Daily or alternate-day double dose resulted in more side effects but less therapeutic efficacy in women with IDA. To find the best supplementation method, randomized controlled trials with a larger sample of participants, longer study lengths, and various iron doses may be helpful.
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A growing number of studies have applied Episodic Future Thinking (EFT) to cognitive interventions in specific population. However, The variability in study populations may lead to inconsistent results and present challenges in the optimal intervention approach and scope of adaptation. This scoping review aimed to identify and describe specific methods, considerations, and results collected and reported in randomized controlled trials of EFT applied to diet and weight management in people with overweight or obesity. ⋯ The vast majority of intervention studies screened participants for psychological characteristics, and the effects of EFT applied in people with overweight or obesity were somewhat significant, although there was some variation in the literature. Although the individual heterogeneity of studies makes the synthesis of results somewhat variable, it still demonstrates the breadth and accessibility of EFT interventions in people with overweight or obesity. The application of EFT to individualized interventions in people with overweight or obesity is a further complement and optimization of weight management through behavioral cognitive therapy.
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In this study, we explored the prognostic risk factors of elderly patients (≥65 years old) with lymph node-negative esophageal cancer (EC) and established a nomogram to evaluate the cancer-specific survival of patients. The surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database was used to collect data on patients diagnosed with EC. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors, and the nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival of EC patients was constructed based on the independent prognostic factors obtained from the multivariate Cox analysis. ⋯ Decision curve analysis showed the good clinical utility of the nomogram. The risk stratification system was established using the Kaplan-Meier curve and verified by the log-rank test (P < .001). The nomogram and risk stratification system can improve the accuracy of prediction to help clinicians identify high-risk patients and make treatment decisions.
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Previous studies have suggested a correlation between low preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) levels and postoperative pneumonia (POP) in elderly patients with hip fractures. However, the exact inflection point of Hb level that increases the risk of POP remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the quantitative relationship between preoperative Hb levels and the incidence of POP in this patient population. ⋯ On the left side of the inflection point, Hb levels were negatively correlated with the incidence of POP (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.97, P = .0030). There was a nonlinear relationship between preoperative Hb level and POP in elderly patients with hip fractures. When Hb levels were lower than 83.5 g/L, preoperative Hb levels were negatively correlated with POP.