Medicine
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Comparative Study
Clinical effect analysis of vertebroplasty with high viscosity and standard bone cement for Kummell disease.
This study aims to observe and compare the effects of high-viscosity bone cement versus standard bone cement on the postoperative outcomes of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in patients with Kummell disease. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 135 patients with Kummell disease who underwent PVP between January 2019 and May 2023. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the high-viscosity group (group H, 63 cases) received high-viscosity bone cement during surgery, while the standard group (group S, 72 cases) received standard bone cement. ⋯ However, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of surgery duration, VAS scores, and ODI at the same time points (P > .05). PVP is an effective treatment for Kummell disease, providing significant pain relief and improved spinal function. The use of high-viscosity bone cement allows for greater volume infusion, better restoration of vertebral height, and correction of deformities, while also reducing the risk of cement leakage.
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To elucidate the relationship between pain and cognitive decline in adults aged ≥60 years using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging survey. We included 3,287 older adults aged ≥60 years with a Korean Mini-Mental State Examination score ≥24. We assessed the presence of pain and pain interference using self-administered questionnaires. ⋯ Compared to low-impact pain, high-impact pain increased the odds of suspected dementia and cognitive impairment by approximately 2.1and 1.5 times, respectively (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.76, 2.56; OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.65). Pain was negatively associated with Mini-Mental State Examination scores in Korean older adults aged ≥60 years and increased the odds of suspected dementia and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, individuals with high-impact pain exhibited higher risks of both suspected dementia and cognitive impairment than those with low-impact pain.
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Comparative Study Observational Study
Retrospective evaluation of prescribing pattern and utilization of antiepileptic drugs in pediatric, neurosurgery, and psychiatry wards: A comparative study to the standard treatment guidelines.
Antiepileptic drugs (AED) are progressively utilized for off-label conditions other than epilepsy, like bipolar disorder and migraine. The objective of this study was to evaluate current prescribing patterns and utilization of AED in pediatric, neurosurgery, and psychiatry wards and to compare them to the standard treatment guidelines. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in Ayyub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad from December 1st, 2018 to April 2019. ⋯ In this study, the most frequently utilized AED was sodium valproate 59.0% (n = 242) followed by antiepileptic first-generation medicines were commonly used (76.3%). Although a total of 77.6% of the patients showed nonadherence to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines and 87.6% of them showed drug interactions. Findings from this study showed prescription patterns and utilization of AED in patients with epilepsy and non-epilepsy disorders which may help healthcare providers in making accurate clinical decisions.
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Case Reports
Successful placement of a chest wall venous infusion port via persistent left superior vena cava: A case report.
Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a rare congenital venous anomaly occurring in approximately 0.3% to 0.5% of the population. The presence of PLSVC complicates central venous catheter placement, increasing procedural risks. This case report describes the successful placement of a chest wall venous infusion port in a patient with PLSVC, offering valuable insights for managing similar cases and ensuring safer clinical outcomes. ⋯ Detailed preoperative evaluations, intraoperative imaging guidance, and postoperative follow-ups are crucial for the safe and effective management of PLSVC patients undergoing central venous catheter placement.
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Case Reports
Diagnosis and treatment of 2 cases with cryptogenic stroke due to patent foramen ovale in children: A case report.
Arterial ischemic stroke is a general term for necrosis of brain tissue due to insufficient blood supply to the brain from various causes. About 30% of these cases are of unknown origin and are known as cryptogenic strokes (CS). ⋯ Although most children with PFO do not require targeted interventions, a few cases involving PFO and CS may benefit from closure of the foramen ovale.