Medicine
-
In patients with schizophrenia, Diankuang Mengxing Decoction with antipsychotics is one of the treatments for it. However, little information is available regarding the difference between the therapeutic effect of Diankuang Mengxing Decoction with antipsychotics and other treatments. Systematic evaluation is conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of Diankuang Mengxing Decoction and other antipsychotics, which are used to treat schizophrenia. ⋯ The combination of Diankuang Mengxing Decoction with different antipsychotics can improve the overall prognosis of patients with schizophrenia; Diankuang Mengxing Decoction combined olanzapine, a dosage of 400 mL/d and a duration of 4 weeks/30 days being the best in this regard, by alleviating the symptoms and diminishing the disorder's adverse effects. To build on this work, more large-sample, multi-center, and high-quality clinical studies in the future would help to further validate our findings.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparative efficacy and safety of ciprofol, propofol, and propofol and etomidate mixture, and ciprofol and etomidate mixture in patients undergoing painless gastroscopy: A randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial.
To compare the efficacy and safety of ciprofol, propofol, propofol and etomidate mixture or ciprofol and etomidate mixture in patients undergoing painless gastroscopic anesthesia, and to explore the optimal plan to relieve the patient's discomfort. ⋯ Ciprofol demonstrated efficacy in inducing sedation or anesthesia during painless gastroscopy that was similar to propofol, while exhibiting a comparable safety profile. Moreover, the combination of propofol and etomidate, as well as the combination of ciprofol and etomidate, were both shown to be equally safe and effective for this clinical application. These findings suggest that ciprofol can be considered as a safe and effective alternative for painless gastroscopy, and the ciprofol-etomidate mixture may be a better choice.
-
KRAS mutations play a critical role in the development and progression of several cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. Despite advancements in targeted therapies, the management of KRAS-mutant tumors remains challenging. This study leverages bibliometric analysis and a comprehensive review of clinical trials to identify emerging immunotherapies and potential treatments for KRAS-related cancers. ⋯ ICBs, particularly in combination therapies, stand out in managing KRAS-mutant tumors. Identifying the tumor microenvironment and gene co-mutation profiles as key research areas, our findings advocate for multidisciplinary approaches to advance personalized cancer treatment. Future research should integrate genetic, immunological, and computational studies to unveil new therapeutic targets and refine treatment strategies for KRAS-mutant cancers.
-
Review Case Reports
Pleomorphic adenoma of hard palate: Review of updated literature and "case report".
Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a rare benign tumor mainly affecting the major salivary glands, known for its diverse histological appearances that can mimic malignancies. When it occurs in the hard palate it present diagnostic and management challenges compared to other sites due to the anatomical location and potential proximity to critical structures. This case reports a rare presentation PA starting as an ulcer, alongside a review of rare cases of PA reported in last 5 years. We aim to highlight clinical challenges and emphasize the need for awareness in diagnosis of this diverse entity amongst the clinicians before reaching a definitive conclusion. ⋯ The diagnosis of PA is difficult as it usually involves extensive squamous and mucous metaplasia, confusing it with malignant disorders. Histopathological and clinical examinations are important for differentiating this lesion from other tumors. Complete surgical excision is reported as the first line of treatment.
-
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a serious condition with various neurological dysfunctions in newborns. Disruptions in glucose metabolism, including both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, are common in NE and can significantly impact outcomes. Hypoglycemia, defined as blood glucose below 45 mg/dL, is associated with increased mortality, neurodevelopmental disabilities, and brain lesions on MRI. ⋯ Maintaining balanced blood sugar levels is critical in managing NE. Early detection and intervention of dysglycemia are crucial to improve outcomes in neonates with encephalopathy. Further research is needed to optimize glycemic management strategies and explore the potential benefits of interventions like glucagon therapy.