JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Axial spondyloarthritis is an immune-mediated inflammatory condition involving the sacroiliac joints, spine, and peripheral joints. It affects approximately 1% of adults in the US and is associated with impaired physical function and reduced quality of life. ⋯ Axial spondyloarthritis predominantly affects the sacroiliac joints and spine but is also associated with extraskeletal manifestations such as uveitis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Physical therapy and NSAIDs are first-line treatments, but most patients require therapy with biologics (anti-TNF or anti-IL-17 agents) or JAK inhibitors to achieve improvement in signs and symptoms, inflammation control, and reduced progression of structural damage.