JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Comment Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
A Digital Health Behavior Intervention to Prevent Childhood Obesity: The Greenlight Plus Randomized Clinical Trial.
Infant growth predicts long-term obesity and cardiovascular disease. Previous interventions designed to prevent obesity in the first 2 years of life have been largely unsuccessful. Obesity prevalence is high among traditional racial and ethnic minority groups. ⋯ A health literacy-informed digital intervention improved child weight-for-length trajectory across the first 24 months of life and reduced childhood obesity at 24 months. The intervention was effective in a racially and ethnically diverse population that included groups at elevated risk for childhood obesity.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Early, Individualized Recommendations for Hospitalized Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication during hospitalization and is associated with adverse outcomes. ⋯ Among patients hospitalized with AKI, recommendations from a kidney action team did not significantly reduce the composite outcome of worsening AKI stage, dialysis, or mortality, despite a higher rate of recommendation implementation in the intervention group than in the usual care group.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Zerlasiran-A Small-Interfering RNA Targeting Lipoprotein(a): A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Elevated lipoprotein(a) increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and aortic stenosis. ⋯ Zerlasiran was well-tolerated and reduced time-averaged lipoprotein(a) concentration by more than 80% during 36 weeks of treatment in patients with ASCVD.
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Comment Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Symptom Screening Linked to Care Pathways for Pediatric Patients With Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Pediatric patients with cancer commonly experience severely bothersome symptoms. The effectiveness of routine symptom screening with symptom feedback and symptom management care pathways is unknown. ⋯ Symptom screening with symptom feedback and symptom management care pathways was associated with improved symptom scores and increased symptom-specific interventions. Future work should integrate symptom screening into routine clinical care.
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Comment Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Intratracheal Budesonide Mixed With Surfactant for Extremely Preterm Infants: The PLUSS Randomized Clinical Trial.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common adverse outcome in extremely preterm infants born at less than 28 weeks' gestation. Systemic corticosteroids are effective against BPD but may be associated with adverse outcomes. Corticosteroids given directly into the lungs may be effective and safer. ⋯ In extremely preterm infants receiving surfactant for respiratory distress syndrome, early intratracheal budesonide may have little to no effect on survival free of BPD.