Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
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J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. · Sep 2006
Evaluation of the association between microalbuminuria and the urine albumin-creatinine ratio and systemic disease in dogs.
To evaluate semiquantitative and quantitative assays for microalbuminuria and determination of the urine albumin-creatinine (UAC) ratio in detection of systemic disease in dogs without overt proteinuria. ⋯ Microalbuminuria was associated with underlying disease. The sensitivity and specificity of the semiquantitative microalbuminuria test for detection of systemic disease were superior to those of other tests. Microalbuminuria testing in conjunction with other screening procedures may increase diagnosis of subclinical disease, but a prospective study in which the predictive values of screening tests are evaluated, with and without microalbuminuria determination, is needed.
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J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. · Aug 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialEvaluation of the isoflurane-sparing effects of lidocaine and fentanyl during surgery in dogs.
To evaluate the isoflurane-sparing effects of lidocaine and fentanyl administered by constant rate infusion (CRI) during surgery in dogs. ⋯ Administration of fentanyl resulted in greater isoflurane sparing effect than did lidocaine. However, it appeared that the low heart rate induced by fentanyl may partially offset the improvement in mean arterial pressure that would be expected with reduced isoflurane requirements.
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A 3-year-old female squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus sciureus) was examined because of sudden onset of lethargy and fever. ⋯ With timely diagnosis, treatment of tularemia in the squirrel monkey was successful. Francisella tularensis is the cause of a highly infectious zoonotic disease, and infection with this microorganism is enzootic in wildlife throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Tularemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of febrile disease in animals of any species. Even limited or indirect exposure of humans or other animals to outdoor environments in which reservoir hosts and arthropod vectors are present can lead to transmission of F tularensis. Francisella tularensis is a class A agent of bioterrorism, and all cases of tularemia (regardless of species) should be reported to public health officials.
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J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. · Jul 2006
Comparative StudyDevelopment of a retrobulbar injection technique for ocular surgery and analgesia in dogs.
To develop and compare 3 techniques for retrobulbar injection of local anesthetic agents for ocular surgery and analgesia in dogs. ⋯ In dogs, retrobulbar administration of anesthetic agents via the ITP technique is a potential alternative to systemic administration of neuromuscular blocking agents for ophthalmic surgery and provides the additional benefit of local ocular analgesia.