Journal of the National Cancer Institute
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J. Natl. Cancer Inst. · Jan 1994
Second cancers following oral and pharyngeal cancers: role of tobacco and alcohol.
The exceptionally high rate of second primary cancers among patients with oral and pharyngeal cancers is well recognized, yet there has been limited epidemiologic study of risk factors for second tumors. ⋯ Avoidance of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking is the most desirable way not only to prevent primary oral cancers, but also to reduce risk of second cancers of the aerodigestive system.