Journal of the National Cancer Institute
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J. Natl. Cancer Inst. · Nov 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialBaseline dietary fiber intake and colorectal adenoma recurrence in the wheat bran fiber randomized trial.
The Wheat Bran Fiber (WBF) trial was a double-blind, high-fiber versus low-fiber phase III intervention trial in which participants were randomly assigned to receive a cereal fiber supplement of either 2.0 g/day or 13.5 g/day to assess whether a high-fiber supplement could decrease risk of recurrent colorectal adenomas. Although no effect of the supplement on polyp recurrence was observed, participants consumed a baseline average of 17.5 grams of fiber per day, which may have been sufficient to protect against adenoma recurrence. Therefore, we examined whether baseline fiber intake affected colorectal adenoma recurrence or modified the effect of treatment group in the WBF trial participants. ⋯ No association was found between amount of fiber consumed at baseline and adenoma recurrence in the WBF trial participants. The baseline fiber intake, whether considered as a whole or from specific sources, did not modify the effect of treatment group.
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J. Natl. Cancer Inst. · Oct 2002
Detection of ductal carcinoma in situ in women undergoing screening mammography.
With the large number of women having mammography-an estimated 28.4 million U.S. women aged 40 years and older in 1998-the percentage of cancers detected as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), which has an uncertain prognosis, has increased. We pooled data from seven regional mammography registries to determine the percentage of mammographically detected cancers that are DCIS and the rate of DCIS per 1000 mammograms. ⋯ Overall, approximately 1 in every 1300 screening mammography examinations leads to a diagnosis of DCIS. Given uncertainty about the natural history of DCIS, the clinical significance of screen-detected DCIS needs further investigation.
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J. Natl. Cancer Inst. · Oct 2002
Breast cancer risk perception among women who have undergone prophylactic bilateral mastectomy.
Prophylactic bilateral mastectomy is a preventive option for women who are at high risk of developing breast cancer. We compared the perceptions of breast cancer risk among women who had previously undergone prophylactic bilateral mastectomy with objective estimates of their breast cancer risk. ⋯ Women who undergo prophylactic bilateral mastectomy have an exaggerated perception of their breast cancer risk before surgery. Formal genetic counseling and genetic testing may result in more accurate risk perceptions to guide women in choosing other preventive options.