British journal of clinical pharmacology
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Sep 2018
Comparative StudyComparison of the Cockcroft-Gault, MDRD and CKD-EPI equations for estimating ganciclovir clearance.
Accurately estimating kidney function is essential for the safe administration of renally cleared drugs such as ganciclovir. Current practice recommends adjusting renally eliminated drugs according to the Cockcroft-Gault equation. There are no data on the utility of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations in ganciclovir dosing. To evaluate which renal function equation best predicts ganciclovir clearance. ⋯ The CKD-EPI equation correlates better with ganciclovir clearance than the Cockcroft-Gault and MDRD4-IDMS equations, even the clinical difference between the equations is scarce.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Aug 2018
Historical ArticleMarketing medicines: charting the rise of modern therapeutics through a systematic review of adverts in UK medical journals (1950-1980).
To examine how pharmaceutical products that were first marketed between 1950 and 1980 were promoted to physicians through advertisements and briefly review advertising regulations and accuracy of the advertisements in the light of modern knowledge. ⋯ Advertising pharmaceuticals in the BMJ and World Medicine in 1950-1980 was poorly regulated and often lacked rigour. However, advertisements were gradually modified in the light of increasing clinical pharmacological knowledge, and they reflect an exciting period for the introduction of many drugs that continue to be of benefit today.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Jul 2018
Clinical TrialPopulation pharmacokinetics of voriconazole and CYP2C19 polymorphisms for optimizing dosing regimens in renal transplant recipients.
The aims of the present study were to characterize the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole in renal transplant recipients and to identify factors significantly affecting pharmacokinetic parameters. We also aimed to explore the optimal dosing regimens for patients who developed invasive fungal infections. ⋯ Using a combination of CYP2C19 genotype and postoperative time to determine the initial voriconazole dosing regimens followed by therapeutic drug monitoring could help to advance individualized treatment in renal transplantation patients with invasive fungal infections.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Jun 2018
Comparative StudyTrends in analgesic consumption in France over the last 10 years and comparison of patterns across Europe.
The aims of the present study were to describe the consumption trends of three groups of analgesics (non-opioids, and mild and strong opioids) between 2006 and 2015 in France, and compare this pattern of use with six European countries in 2015. ⋯ Paracetamol consumption is clearly highest in France, whereas its use of strong opioids is among the lowest in Europe, although its consumption of oxycodone has increased significantly. Further studies are required specifically to monitor these drugs.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Jun 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyExposure-response characterization of tofacitinib efficacy in moderate to severe ulcerative colitis: Results from a dose-ranging phase 2 trial.
Tofacitinib is an oral, small molecule JAK inhibitor being investigated for ulcerative colitis (UC). In a phase 2 dose-ranging study, tofacitinib demonstrated efficacy vs. placebo as UC induction therapy. In this posthoc analysis, we aimed to compare tofacitinib dose and plasma concentration as predictors of efficacy and identify covariates that determined efficacy in patients with UC. ⋯ Exposure-response characterization demonstrated the potential of tofacitinib 10 and 15 mg twice daily as induction therapy for UC without monitoring of plasma drug concentrations for dose optimization.