British journal of clinical pharmacology
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Apr 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialLack of effect of ondansetron on the pharmacokinetics and analgesic effects of morphine and metabolites after single-dose morphine administration in healthy volunteers.
The purpose of this investigation was to study the influence of ondansetron on the single-dose pharmacokinetics and the analgesic effects elicited by morphine and the 3- and 6-glucuronide metabolites of morphine in healthy volunteers. ⋯ The results of this study suggest that administration of ondansetron (16 mg i.v.) does not alter the pharmacokinetics of morphine and its 3- or 6-glucuronide metabolites to a clinically significant extent, nor does it affect the overall analgesic response to morphine as measured by the contact thermode system.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Apr 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA dose-response study of adrenaline combined with lignocaine 2%: effect on acute postoperative pain after oral soft tissue surgery.
The combination of lignocaine and adrenaline may cause more postoperative pain than other types of local anaesthetic agents with comparable clinical efficacy. This study investigates the dose-response effect of adrenaline added to lignocaine on postoperative pain, when used as local anaesthetic for oral soft tissue surgery. ⋯ High adrenaline concentrations (1 : 80 000) combined with lignocaine local anaesthetic solution offers no advantage with respect to pain alleviation during the immediate postoperative pain period. High exogenous adrenaline concentrations may play a significant role in enhancing acute postoperative intensity.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Jan 2001
Clinical TrialEffect of dexmedetomidine, an alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, on human pupillary reflexes during general anaesthesia.
To test the hypothesis that the alpha2-adrenergic agonist, dexmedetomidine, dilates the pupil and does not alter the pupillary light reflex of anaesthetized patients. ⋯ These pupillary effects of dexmedetomidine in humans are difficult to reconcile with the findings obtained in cats and rats that have demonstrated a direct inhibitory effect of alpha2-adrenergic agonists on the pupilloconstrictor nucleus. The increase in the magnitude of the light reflex in response to dexmedetomidine does not necessarily involve an anxiolytic mechanism.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Jan 2001
Risk factors in the development of adverse reactions to N-acetylcysteine in patients with paracetamol poisoning.
To identify risk factors in the development of side-effects to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in patients with paracetamol poisoning. ⋯ Asthma must be considered a risk factor in the development of side-effects to NAC. However, the side-effects are easily managed and there is no reason to withhold NAC from any patient with paracetamol poisoning. Paracetamol itself seems to offer some protection against the development of side-effects to NAC.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Oct 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess tolerability, pharmacokinetics and preliminary pharmacodynamics of single escalating doses of Z13752A, a novel dual inhibitor of the metalloproteases ACE and NEP, in healthy volunteers.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerability of a novel dual ACE-NEP inhibitor, Z13752A, after the oral administration of rising single doses in healthy volunteers. This study was also a preliminarily investigation of Z13752A pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK). ⋯ Z13752A showed a good single dose tolerability profile at doses up to 800 mg. The pharmacokinetic data indicate that Z13752A administered orally is rapidly absorbed and available to the systemic circulation in humans. The relatively slow clearance indicates that a once-a-day dose regimen could be considered for Z13752A.