Journal of clinical microbiology
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Melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative bacillus. We report a case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by B. pseudomallei that was treated with systemic and intravitreal ceftazidime. Finally, the patient achieved a final visual acuity of 20/60 without complication.
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J. Clin. Microbiol. · Dec 2007
Comparative StudyEvolution of primary and compensatory lamivudine resistance mutations in chronic hepatitis B virus-infected patients during long-term lamivudine treatment, assessed by a line probe assay.
With the availability of more potent nucleotide/nucleoside analogues, the early detection of drug-resistant mutants of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is important for the strategic treatment of chronic hepatitis B. We studied 336 serum samples from 80 patients chronically infected with HBV who were receiving lamivudine treatment for the presence of lamivudine resistance mutations at codons 80, 173, 180, and 204 of the HBV polymerase. The sequencing data were compared with the results generated with the INNO-LiPA HBV DR (drug resistance) v2 strip, a line probe assay (LiPA) covering wild-type and mutant motifs, for resistance mutations to lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil. ⋯ After 36 months, a compensatory mutation was seen at position rt173 (V173L) in 3/15 patients. Time-to-event survival analysis indicated a 2.8 times greater chance for LiPA to detect a given mutation than sequencing at any moment in time (hazard ratio, 2.8, 95% confidence interval, 1.79, 4.41; P < 0.0001). These results demonstrate that a highly sensitive and specific assay such as the INNO-LiPA HBV DR v2 can precociously detect and monitor the emergence of primary and compensatory lamivudine resistance mutations in patients chronically infected with HBV and is more sensitive than sequencing.