Medical hypotheses
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Trypanosomiasis (whether African sleeping sickness, or American Chaga's disease) is caused by an infection with a protozoan parasite, i.e. the trypanosome. This carries fatal sequences in the untreated host. Currently available chemotherapeutic drugs (some of which cure by involving reactive oxygen species (ROS] are not optimally adequate. ⋯ Thus, combination of ROS-generating drugs with DFMO would be very effective against trypanosomiasis, and would be without cancer risk too. The combination is therefore advocated for chemotherapy of trypanosoma infections. This necessities experimental investigations specifically directed towards establishing the optimally efficacious combination of DFMO with the drugs.
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Conventional treatment with vitamin D, calcium, and estrogen will delay but not reverse osteoporosis. The addition of fluoride may increase bone mass but fails to increase bone strength; fracture incidence is actually increased in non-vertebral bone by fluoride. ⋯ In women, osteoporosis coincides with menopause. The hypothesis that progesterone and not estrogen is the missing factor was tested in a clinical setting and was found to be extraordinarily effective in reversing osteoporosis.
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What we generally call information is created through interference between regular information and reverse information. In this process, conscious activity is the creator of information. We can assume that the following five-stage mechanism exists inside the brain: 1) a mechanism that creates consciousness and recognizes information; 2) a mechanism that accumulates information in the neural circuits; 3) a mechanism that combines and separates the self-conscious mind and fragments of accumulated information; 4) a mechanism that accesses the operating system or distributes information to localized neural circuits; and 5) a mechanism that allows the operating system to modify itself with an increase in the amount of information. These mechanisms can be considered to belong to the category of conscious activity, which is created by a combination of potentialization of sleep and potentialization of wakefulness.
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Previous articles (3-6) have presented two experimental methods--the Dynamic Behavioral Stage Analysis Method (DBSAM) and the Micro-sleep and Micro-wakefulness Processing Method (MMP)--as investigational approaches oriented in the direction of developing a theoretical concept. MMP employs a simplified method that uses duration of sleep and wakefulness (ti) as the parameter to alter the time units and reverse diagnose sleep and wakefulness as wakefulness and sleep, respectively. ⋯ This paper discusses the conceptual background necessary to understand the correlation between sleep, wakefulness, and consciousness, using model data. It also hypothesizes that conscious activity level, generated by sleep and wakefulness vectors, acts as an address specifier of information that is input and output within the brain.
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We propose that in any acid-base disturbance there is a predictable mathematical relationship between the changes in the individual serum anionic concentrations of chloride, bicarbonate and the unmeasured anion gap. Two indices were developed, from the ratios of the changes in these anionic concentrations, that are useful in predicting the presence of an acid-base disturbance. ⋯ By utilizing the paired values of these indices, the 17 disturbances including simple, metabolic plus respiratory and triple disorders were subcategorized into 7 groups. It is suggested that the use of these indices will facilitate the diagnosis of complicated mixed acid-base disorders.