Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
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Ann R Coll Surg Engl · Apr 2013
ReviewDamage control - trauma care in the first hour and beyond: a clinical review of relevant developments in the field of trauma care.
Trauma provision in the UK is a topic of interest. Regional trauma networks and centres are evolving and research is blossoming, but what bearing does all this have on the care that is delivered to the individual patient? This article aims to provide an overview of key research concepts in the field of trauma care, to guide the clinician in decision making in the management of major trauma. ⋯ A wealth of research is available and a broad range has been reviewed to summarise significant developments in trauma care. Research has been categorised into disciplines and it is hoped that by considering each, a tailored management plan for the individual trauma patient will evolve, potentially improving patient outcome.
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Ann R Coll Surg Engl · Apr 2013
Challenging boundaries: an enhanced recovery programme for radical cystectomy.
The implementation of enhanced recovery programmes (ERPs) in colorectal surgery has seen improvements in the length of inpatient stay with no increase in complications. We investigated the role of ERP in radical cystectomy at our institution. ⋯ ERP in radical cystectomy is safe and not associated with any increase in complications or readmissions. It is associated with reductions in ICU stay, and could also reduce length of hospital stay and duration of postoperative ileus.
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Ann R Coll Surg Engl · Apr 2013
The diagnostic value of white cell count, C-reactive protein and bilirubin in acute appendicitis and its complications.
Inflammatory markers such as white cell count (WCC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) and, more recently, bilirubin have been used as adjuncts in the diagnosis of appendicitis. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the above markers in acute and perforated appendicitis as well as their value in excluding the condition. ⋯ CRP provides the highest diagnostic accuracy for PA. Bilirubin did not provide any discriminatory value for AA and its complications. Normal inflammatory markers cannot exclude appendicitis, which remains a clinical diagnosis.
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Ann R Coll Surg Engl · Apr 2013
The impact of trauma centre designation on open tibial fracture management.
The British Orthopaedic Association/British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons guidelines for the management of open tibial fractures recommend early senior combined orthopaedic and plastic surgical input with appropriate facilities to manage a high caseload. The aim of this study was to assess whether becoming a major trauma centre has affected the management of patients with open tibial fractures. ⋯ The volume and management of open tibial fractures, independent of fracture grade, has been directly affected by the introduction of a trauma centre enabling early combined senior orthopaedic and plastic surgical input. Our data strongly support the benefits of trauma centres and the continuing development of trauma networks in the management of open tibial fractures.
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Ann R Coll Surg Engl · Apr 2013
Can the Ottawa and Pittsburgh rules reduce requests for radiography in patients referred to acute knee clinics?
Our aim was to study the role of the Ottawa and Pittsburgh rules to reduce the unnecessary use of radiographs following knee injury. We prospectively reviewed 106 patients who were referred to our clinic over a 3-month period. The Ottawa and Pittsburgh rules were applied to individual patients to evaluate the need for radiography. ⋯ Using the Pittsburgh rules, 32 radiographs (30%) could have been avoided. The Ottawa and Pittsburgh rules have a high sensitivity for the detection of knee fractures. Their use can aid efficient clinical evaluation without adverse clinical outcome and may reduce healthcare costs.