RöFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Röntgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
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Review Comparative Study
[Application of multislice spiral CT (MSCT) in multiple injured patients and its effect on diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms].
The initial diagnostic work-up of trauma victims with multiple injuries is currently a combination of conventional radiography (CR), ultrasound (US), and computed tomography (CT). This article reviews the diagnostic quality of the different imaging modalities regarding detection and classification of injuries. CT performs better than US in detecting traumatic lesions of abdominal parenchymal organs. ⋯ This can be achieved only by changing the work-flow for the entire trauma team including radiologist. Furthermore, certain prerequisites must be fulfilled including integration of a MSCT scanner into the emergency room. An optimized whole body CT protocol for the assessment of trauma victims using MSCT as well as a two-step algorithm for reporting the imaging findings depending on their clinical significance is presented.
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A retrospective analysis of long-term efficacy of combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) and TACE monotherapy was conducted in patients with large, non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ⋯ The combination of TACE and PEI is an effective and safe method in the palliative treatment of large HCC that has the potential of improving long term survival compared to TACE monotherapy.
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Comparative Study
[Does magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) contribute to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the dementias?].
The magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) is a MR-based neuroimaging procedure aiming at the quantification of the structural integrity of brain tissue. Its contribution to the differential diagnosis of dementias was examined and discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of age-related dementias. ⋯ MTR values indicate functional changes in the brain tissue between cognitive healthy and demented patients, and correlate with the cognitive loss, but not with age and gender. In principle, the MTR is suitable for the diagnosis of age-related dementias, but does not contribute substantially to the differential diagnosis of vascular dementia vs. Alzheimer's disease. The present results support the assumption of a synergy between vascular and degenerative components of age-related dementias.
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To determine global and regional left ventricular (LV) function from retrospectively gated multidetector row computed tomography (CT) by using two different semiautomated analysis tools and to correlate the results with those of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ⋯ Semiautomated analysis of 16-detector row CT data sets enables global and regional volumetric and functional analysis. The CT results correlate well with MRI findings for short axis MPR and for 3D volume reconstructions, with a higher statistical spread for the 3D method. The underestimation of end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes with CT may be caused by partial volume averaging due to the lower temporal resolution as compared with MRI.