RöFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Röntgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
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Review Comparative Study
[Imaging methods in the diagnosis and therapy of cystic echinococcosis].
Imaging studies, ultrasonography, play a central role for the diagnosis and follow-up of cystic echinococcosis (hydatid disease) due to the non-specific clinical symptoms and still inadequate sensitivity and specificity of currently available serological tests. Due to the increasing number of people immigrating to central Europe from countries with a high incidence of cystic echinococcosis, cystic echinococcosis has become an important differential diagnosis of cystic lesions. The imaging modality to localize and stage the disease depends on the organs affected. ⋯ Ultrasonography is not only an excellent tool for the primary diagnosis and therapeutic decision but also for follow-up of patients treated for cystic echinococcosis. Indications for computed tomography or magnetic resonance tomography are restricted to extra abdominal disease, patients not suited for ultrasonography because of obesity or meteorism, complicated cysts and planning of surgery or interventional therapy. Apart from surgery three other treatment options are well established: (1) chemotherapy with albendazole or mebendazole, (2) percutaneous drainage and sterilization (PAIR) and (3) observation of inactive echinococcal stages ("watch and wait" approach).
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To determine the diagnostic value of 3.0 Tesla MRI for imaging carpal ligaments and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC). Image quality of different optimized MRI sequences is evaluated for high resolution wrist anatomy. ⋯ 3.0 T MRI of the wrist proved to be superior to 1.5 T MRI for high-resolution imaging of carpal ligaments and TFCC using 2D and 3D T2* MEDIC sequences. Clinical studies investigating ligament injuries or carpal instability are recommended for evaluating clinical relevance of high-resolution MRI of the wrist.
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To assess whether MRI can detect atrophy of the trigeminal nerve in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. ⋯ Atrophy of the trigeminal nerve caused by a nerve-vessel conflict can be detected by MRI. Only patients with trigeminal neuralgia show this unilateral atrophy. Therefore, it is possible to demonstrate the result of the nerve-vessel conflict and to determine the consequences of such a conflict.