Journal of endodontics
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Journal of endodontics · Jun 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparative evaluation of 1.8 mL and 3.6 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine for inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis: a prospective, randomized single-blind study.
There is a decrease in the anesthetic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve blocks in patients with irreversible pulpitis. It was hypothesized that the increasing the volume of anesthetic solution may improve the success rates of dental pulp anesthesia in patients with pulpal pain. ⋯ Increasing the volume of 2% lidocaine to 3.6 mL improved the success rate as compared with 1.8 mL but did not give a clinical success rates of 100%.
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Journal of endodontics · Jun 2012
Cytidine-phosphate-guanosine oligonucleotides induce interleukin-8 production through activation of TLR9, MyD88, NF-κB, and ERK pathways in odontoblast cells.
Odontoblasts are involved in innate immunity against invading microorganisms. However, the mechanisms of host inflammatory responses to bacterial DNA in odontoblasts are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether microbial cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) DNA influences interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression in odontoblasts and the signaling pathways involved. ⋯ These data demonstrate that CpG ODN-induced IL-8 expression was mediated through TLR9, MyD88, NF-κB, and ERK pathways in MDPC-23 cells and suggest a possible role for the CpG DNA-mediated immune response in odontoblasts with involvement of TLR9, MyD88, and ERK pathways in this process.