European urology
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Three girls with major urethral injuries following motor vehicle accidents are presented. Early diagnosis of this rare condition, which is often associated with vaginal injuries, is imperative and a cystourethrogram, examination under anesthesia and a cystovaginoscopy are usually indicated. Primary repair of these injuries is recommended and long-term follow-up is essential.
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Early diagnosis and monitoring of progression for relapsed prostatic carcinoma after primary treatment is necessary, and early intervention recommended. This has now been made possible with rising prostate-specific antigen levels as an indication of the endpoint of treatment failure. Patients with relapsed disease can be divided into three groups: those relapsing following curative treatment with surgery or radiotherapy with local or distant metastases; patients who have been treated with primary hormonal palliative therapy or combination hormonal-chemotherapy relapsing after the first palliative treatment, and patients relapsing after all acceptable therapies for the treatment of prostate cancer. The management of these groups of patients is discussed.