European urology
-
Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Laparoendoscopic single-site nephrectomy compared with conventional laparoscopic nephrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies.
Laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgery has increasingly been used to perform radical, partial, simple, or donor nephrectomy to reduce the morbidity and scarring associated with surgical intervention. Studies comparing LESS nephrectomy (LESS-N) and conventional laparoscopic nephrectomy (CL-N) have reported conflicting results. ⋯ LESS-N offers a safe and efficient alternative to CL-N with less pain, shorter recovery time, and better cosmetic outcome. Given the inherent limitations of the included studies, future well-designed RCTs are awaited to confirm and update the findings of this analysis.
-
The current 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM staging system for bladder cancer stages lymph node (LN)-positive disease based on LN location rather than LN size. In addition, common iliac LNs are now considered regional LNs. Whether these changes improve prognostication for node-positive patients, however, remains unclear. ⋯ LNs at or above the aortic bifurcation should be considered regional LNs. Neither the 6th nor the 7th TNM staging system performed well as a prognostic tool. A better staging system for LN-positive bladder cancer needs to be developed.
-
Glycine is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord, the concentration of which is regulated by two types of glycine transporters (GlyTs): GlyT1 and GlyT2. We hypothesized that the inhibition of GlyTs could ameliorate bladder overactivity and/or pain sensation in the lower urinary tract. ⋯ These results indicate that GlyT2 plays a major role in the clearance of extracellular glycine in the spinal cord and that GlyT2 inhibition leads to amelioration of CYP-induced bladder overactivity and pain behavior. GlyT2 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of overactive bladder and/or bladder hypersensitive disorders such as bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis.