Drug and alcohol dependence
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Mar 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialPredictors of buprenorphine-naloxone dosing in a 12-week treatment trial for opioid-dependent youth: secondary analyses from a NIDA Clinical Trials Network study.
The present investigation examines baseline patient characteristics to predict dosing of buprenorphine-naloxone, a promising treatment for opioid addiction in youths. ⋯ These data suggest that the presence of pain predicts buprenorphine-naloxone dose levels in opioid-dependent youth, and that patients with pain have comparable opioid use outcomes to those without pain, but require higher buprenorphine-naloxone doses.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Mar 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialPsychopharmacological effects of oxycodone in healthy volunteers: roles of alcohol-drinking status and sex.
Studies have shown that alcohol-drinking status modulates psychopharmacological effects of several drugs. We sought to determine if drinking status modulates the effects of a prescription opioid, oxycodone, in healthy volunteers. We included sex of the volunteer in the statistical analyses since this is a factor that is known to alter several pharmacodynamic effects of opioids in nonhumans and humans. ⋯ Studies have established that moderate drinkers report a greater degree of abuse liability-related effects than do light drinkers with several different drugs, including diazepam, amphetamine, and nitrous oxide, but we were unable to establish this with the prescription opioid, oxycodone. However, we did observe sex differences in several subjective effects of oxycodone, a finding that is consistent with the extant literature showing sex differences in pharmacodynamic effects of opioids.