Drug and alcohol dependence
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Mar 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialWithin-subject evaluation of interim buprenorphine treatment during waitlist delays.
The effectiveness of opioid agonist treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) is well established, and delays to treatment are still common, particularly in rural geographic areas. In a randomized 12-week pilot study, we demonstrated initial efficacy of a technology-assisted Interim Buprenorphine Treatment (IBT) vs. continued waitlist control (WLC) for reducing illicit opioid use and other risk behaviors during waitlist delays. Upon completion of that parent trial, WLC participants were given the opportunity to receive 12 weeks of IBT, permitting an additional within-subject examination of IBT effects. ⋯ This within-subject evaluation provides additional support for interim buprenorphine's efficacy in reducing illicit opioid use and improving health outcomes during waitlist delays for more comprehensive treatment.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Jan 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized trial of methadone treatment of arrestees: 24-month post-release outcomes.
We report on the 24-month post-release outcomes of arrestees with opioid use disorder (OUD) enrolled in a randomized trial comparing three treatment approaches initiated in jail. ⋯ ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02334215.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Dec 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialAcute and residual effects of smoked cannabis: Impact on driving speed and lateral control, heart rate, and self-reported drug effects.
Although driving under the influence of cannabis is increasingly common among young adults, little is known about residual effects on driver behavior. This study examined acute and residual effects of smoked cannabis on simulated driving performance of young cannabis users. ⋯ Acutely, cannabis caused decreased speed, increased heart rate, and increases in VAS drug effect and drug high. There was no evidence of residual effects on these measures over the two days following cannabis administration.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Dec 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomized controlled trial evaluating integrated versus phased application of evidence-based psychotherapies for military veterans with comorbid PTSD and substance use disorders.
Recent clinical practice guidelines recommend the delivery of evidence-based psychotherapies for both substance use disorder (SUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within the same treatment episode for patients with SUD/PTSD comorbidity. This randomized clinical trial evaluated the comparative effectiveness of integrating versus phasing evidence-based psychotherapies for SUD and PTSD among veterans with co-occurring SUD/ PTSD. ⋯ Our hypothesis that integrated MET/PE would result in better outcomes than phased MET/PE across a range of PTSD and SUD measures was not supported; both strategies for combining two single-disorder treatments for co-occurring SUD/PTSD yielded significant symptom reduction.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Oct 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialMindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement reduces opioid craving among individuals with opioid use disorder and chronic pain in medication assisted treatment: Ecological momentary assessments from a stage 1 randomized controlled trial.
Methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) is an efficacious form of medication assisted treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), yet many individuals on MMT relapse. Chronic pain and deficits in positive affective response to natural rewards may result in dysphoria that fuels opioid craving and promotes relapse. As such, behavioral therapies that ameliorate chronic pain and enhance positive affect may serve as useful adjuncts to MMT. This analysis of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data from a Stage 1 randomized clinical trial examined effects of Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) on opioid craving, pain, and positive affective state. ⋯ MORE may be a useful non-pharmacological adjunct among individuals with OUD and chronic pain in MMT.