The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · May 2001
SHV-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in a Shigella flexneri clinical isolate.
A Shigella flexneri isolate resistant to oxyimino-cephalosporins was recovered from a stool sample of a 16 month-old Algerian child hospitalized in Paris, France. This isolate harboured an SHV-2 beta-lactamase gene located on a c. 80 kb self-transferable plasmid. This is the first report of an Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase from Shigella spp.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · May 2001
In vivo efficacy of continuous infusion versus intermittent dosing of ceftazidime alone or in combination with amikacin relative to human kinetic profiles in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa rabbit endocarditis model.
Ceftazidime and amikacin were administered in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa rabbit endocarditis model using computer-controlled intravenous (iv) infusion pumps to simulate human serum concentrations for the following regimens: continuous (constant rate) infusion of 4, 6 or 8 g of ceftazidime over 24 h or intermittent dosing of 2 g every 8 h either alone or in combination with amikacin (15 mg/kg once daily). The in vivo activities of these regimens were tested on four Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Animals were killed 24 h after the beginning of treatment. ⋯ Determination of ceftazidime concentrations in vegetations showed that continuous infusion produced tissue concentrations at the infection site far greater than the MIC throughout the treatment. It is concluded that continuous infusion of the same total daily dose provides significant activity as compared with fractionated infusion. This study confirms that a concentration of 4-5 x MIC is a reasonable therapeutic target in most clinical settings of severe P. aeruginosa infection.